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Expand Up @@ -1451,7 +1451,70 @@ <h2 class="no-num no-toc no-ref" id="contents">Table of Contents</h2>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</li></ol>
</nav><main><section><p></p><h2 class="heading settled" data-level="4" id="semantics"><span class="secno">4. </span><span class="content">The elements of HTML</span><a class="self-link" href="semantics.html#semantics"></a></h2></section></main>
</nav><main><section><h2 class="heading settled" data-level="4" id="semantics"><span class="secno">4. </span><span class="content">The elements of HTML</span><a class="self-link" href="semantics.html#semantics"></a></h2><section>
<p></p>
<h3 class="heading settled" data-level="4.1" id="the-root-element"><span class="secno">4.1. </span><span class="content">The document element</span><a class="self-link" href="semantics.html#the-root-element"></a></h3>
<h4 class="heading settled" data-level="4.1.1" id="the-html-element"><span class="secno">4.1.1. </span><span class="content">The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-type="element" data-export="" id="elementdef-html"><code>html</code></dfn> element</span><a class="self-link" href="semantics.html#the-html-element"></a></h4>
<dl class="element">
<dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#categories" id="ref-for-categories①">Categories</a>:
</dt><dd>None.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#contexts-in-which-this-element-can-be-used" id="ref-for-contexts-in-which-this-element-can-be-used">Contexts in which this element can be used</a>:
</dt><dd>As the document’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="infrastructure.html#document-element" id="ref-for-document-element①⑥">document element</a>.
</dd><dd>Wherever a subdocument fragment is allowed in a compound document.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#content-model" id="ref-for-content-model③">Content model</a>:
</dt><dd>A <code><a data-link-type="element" href="document-metadata.html#elementdef-head" id="ref-for-elementdef-head①①">head</a></code> element followed by a <code><a data-link-type="element" href="sections.html#elementdef-body" id="ref-for-elementdef-body②①">body</a></code> element.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#tag-omission-in-text-html" id="ref-for-tag-omission-in-text-html">Tag omission in text/html</a>:
</dt><dd> An <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①①">html</a></code> element’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="syntax.html#syntax-start-tags" id="ref-for-syntax-start-tags②">start tag</a> can be omitted if the first thing inside the <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①②">html</a></code> element is not a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="syntax.html#syntax-comments" id="ref-for-syntax-comments">comment</a>.
</dd><dd> An <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①③">html</a></code> element’s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="syntax.html#syntax-end-tags" id="ref-for-syntax-end-tags③">end tag</a> can be omitted if the <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①④">html</a></code> element
is not immediately followed by a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="syntax.html#syntax-comments" id="ref-for-syntax-comments①">comment</a>.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#content-attributes" id="ref-for-content-attributes①">Content attributes</a>:
</dt><dd><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#global-attributes-2" id="ref-for-global-attributes-2">Global attributes</a>.
</dd><dd><code><a data-link-type="element-sub" href="semantics.html#element-attrdef-html-manifest" id="ref-for-element-attrdef-html-manifest">manifest</a></code> — Application cache manifest.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#allowed-aria-role-attribute-values" id="ref-for-allowed-aria-role-attribute-values">Allowed ARIA role attribute values</a>:
</dt><dd>None.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#allowed-aria-state-and-property-attributes" id="ref-for-allowed-aria-state-and-property-attributes">Allowed ARIA state and property attributes</a>:
</dt><dd>None.
</dd><dt><a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#dom-interface" id="ref-for-dom-interface">DOM interface</a>:
</dt><dd>
<pre class="idl highlight def" data-highlight="webidl"><span class="kt">interface</span> <dfn class="nv dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-type="interface" data-export="" id="htmlhtmlelement"><code>HTMLHtmlElement</code></dfn> : <a class="n" data-link-type="idl-name" href="dom.html#htmlelement" id="ref-for-htmlelement①⑤">HTMLElement</a> {};
</pre>
</dd></dl>
<p>The <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①⑤">html</a></code> element <a data-link-type="dfn" href="dom.html#represent" id="ref-for-represent③">represents</a> the root of an HTML document.</p>
<p>Authors are encouraged to specify a <code><a data-link-type="element-sub" href="dom.html#element-attrdef-global-lang" id="ref-for-element-attrdef-global-lang②③">lang</a></code> attribute on the root <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①⑥">html</a></code> element, giving
the document’s language. This aids speech synthesis tools to determine what pronunciations to use,
translation tools to determine what rules to use, and so forth.</p>
<p>The <dfn class="dfn-paneled" data-dfn-for="html" data-dfn-type="element-attr" data-export="" id="element-attrdef-html-manifest"><code>manifest</code></dfn> attribute gives the address of the
document’s <span>application cache</span> <span>manifest</span>, if there is one. If the attribute is present,
the attribute’s value must be a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="infrastructure.html#valid-non-empty-url-potentially-surrounded-by-spaces" id="ref-for-valid-non-empty-url-potentially-surrounded-by-spaces">valid non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces</a>.</p>
<p><strong class="advisement"> The <span>manifest</span>-based <span>application cache</span> feature is in the
process of being removed from the Web platform. (This is a long process that takes many years.)
Using the <span>application cache</span> feature at this time is highly discouraged. Use service
workers instead. <a data-link-type="biblio" href="references.html#biblio-service-workers">[SERVICE-WORKERS]</a></strong></p>
<p>The <code><a data-link-type="element-sub" href="semantics.html#element-attrdef-html-manifest" id="ref-for-element-attrdef-html-manifest①">manifest</a></code> attribute only <span>has an effect</span> during the early stages of document load.
Changing the attribute dynamically thus has no effect (and thus, no DOM API is provided for this
attribute).</p>
<p class="note" role="note">For the purposes of <span>application cache</span> selection, later <code><a data-link-type="element" href="document-metadata.html#elementdef-base" id="ref-for-elementdef-base④">base</a></code> elements
cannot affect the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="infrastructure.html#reparsed" id="ref-for-reparsed④">parsing of URLs</a> in <code><a data-link-type="element-sub" href="semantics.html#element-attrdef-html-manifest" id="ref-for-element-attrdef-html-manifest②">manifest</a></code> attributes, as the
attributes are processed before those elements are seen.</p>
<p class="note" role="note">The <span><code>window.applicationCache</code></span> IDL attribute provides scripted
access to the offline <span>application cache</span> mechanism.</p>
<p class="note" role="note"> It is recommended to keep the usage of attributes and their values defined on the <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①⑦">html</a></code> element to a minimum to allow for proper detection of the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="document-metadata.html#character-encoding-declaration" id="ref-for-character-encoding-declaration">character encoding declaration</a> within the first 1024 bytes. </p>
<div class="example" id="example-9bd844de">
<a class="self-link" href="semantics.html#example-9bd844de"></a> The <code><a data-link-type="element" href="semantics.html#elementdef-html" id="ref-for-elementdef-html①⑧">html</a></code> element in the following example declares that the document’s language is English.
<pre class="highlight"><span class="cp">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span> <span class="na">lang</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"en"</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Swapping Songs<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Swapping Songs<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Tonight I swapped some of the songs I wrote with some friends, who
gave me some of the songs they wrote. I love sharing my music.<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
</pre>
</div>
</section></section></main>

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