Extend TimeSeries.resample() to support more resampling methods

[jonasblanc]

Checklist before merging this PR:

• Mentioned all issues that this PR fixes or addresses.
• Summarized the updates of this PR under Summary.
• Added an entry under Unreleased in the Changelog.

Fixes #699

Summary

• Expose all aggregation functions of xarray.DataArrayResample through the "method" argument of TimeSeries.resample().
• Let users specify method specific arguments through method_args.
• Extend tests with at least one test per additional method.

Other Information

• Not all methods make sense for either down/up-sampling. I chose not to restrict the use of such methods in situation where they are not expected to be used (ie. xarray is responsible for handling such case). However while testing I encountered this bug: issue xarray asfreq which happens when asfreq is used for down-sampling.
• I chose to give access to any() and all() aggregation methods, to be consistent with TimeSeries, I cast bool back to int after the aggregation.
• I chose to let pad as the default method so as not to break the default behavior, even though it's not the most intuitive method for down-sampling.

[madtoinou]

Nice contribution @jonasblanc, some minor comments to improve the readibility

[madtoinou]

let's chaneg the type from str to Literal, it will simplify the sanity checks. Since there are a lot of possible values, we could use a constant/alias to store them.

[jonasblanc]

As discussed waiting for @dennisbader opinion on this. Typing as Literal is not sufficient for sanity check of method. So it would look something like this.

ResamplingMethod = Literal["all", ... "var",]

def resample(
        self, freq: Union[str, pd.DateOffset], method: ResamplingMethod = "pad", **kwargs
    ) -> Self:
    ...
    if method in get_args(ResamplingMethod):
    ...

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 94.17%. Comparing base (0a52490) to head (018c386).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2643      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   94.20%   94.17%   -0.04%     
==========================================
  Files         141      141              
  Lines       15491    15494       +3     
==========================================
- Hits        14594    14592       -2     
- Misses        897      902       +5     

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