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Fix spelling typos
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spestana committed Sep 23, 2024
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions README.md
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Expand Up @@ -28,15 +28,15 @@ The latest generation of geostationary-orbiting weather satellites make frequent
However, their geostationary orbits mean that outside of their sub-satellite-point on the equator, all other view angles are off-nadir, and due to the Earth's curvature in view, actual pixel sizes increase to >6 km towards the planet's limb.


Additionally, when viewing complex terrain such as the mountains of western CONUS, parallax affects the apparent position of the variable topography. Some portions of the ground suface may even become obscured from view completely by surrounding steep terrain with poleward-facing aspects (north-facing aspects in the Northern Hemisphere, south-facing aspects in the Southern Hemisphere).
Additionally, when viewing complex terrain such as the mountains of western CONUS, parallax affects the apparent position of the variable topography. Some portions of the ground surface may even become obscured from view completely by surrounding steep terrain with poleward-facing aspects (north-facing aspects in the Northern Hemisphere, south-facing aspects in the Southern Hemisphere).

Before using observations from these instruments for observing the land surface over mountains, orthorectification is needed to try and account for the off-nadir view angles and topographic effects in the geostationary satellite imagery.

The terrain parallax is especially visually apparent when flipping between GOES-East and GOES-West views of a mountain range like the Sierra Nevada here:

<img src="images/GOES_east-west_vis.gif" width="600">

The sub-pixel orthorectification method applied here uses the GOES satellite's known orbital position (from ABI product NetCDF metadata) to compute the intersection of line of sight (LOS) vectors with a DEM surface. This method is **"sub-pixel"** because the DEM spatial resolution can be much finer (here I've used ~30 m, 1 arc-second SRTM DEM) than the GOES ABI image resolution (> 2 km). This effectively drapes ABI pixels (and their respective radiance or brightness tempreature values) over the terrain at the DEM's finer resolution.
The sub-pixel orthorectification method applied here uses the GOES satellite's known orbital position (from ABI product NetCDF metadata) to compute the intersection of line of sight (LOS) vectors with a DEM surface. This method is **"sub-pixel"** because the DEM spatial resolution can be much finer (here I've used ~30 m, 1 arc-second SRTM DEM) than the GOES ABI image resolution (> 2 km). This effectively drapes ABI pixels (and their respective radiance or brightness temperature values) over the terrain at the DEM's finer resolution.

The figure below (from the GOES ABI ATBD) illustrates the satellite's viewing geometry. The orthorectification method developed here modifies point P on the Earth's surface using information from a DEM about its elevation relative to the reference ellipsoid.

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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions README.rst
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ The latest generation of geostationary-orbiting weather satellites make frequent
However, their geostationary orbits mean that outside of their sub-satellite-point on the equator, all other view angles are off-nadir, and due to the Earth's curvature in view, actual pixel sizes increase to >6 km towards the planet's limb.


Additionally, when viewing complex terrain such as the mountains of western CONUS, parallax affects the apparent position of the variable topography. Some portions of the ground suface may even become obscured from view completely by surrounding steep terrain with poleward-facing aspects (north-facing aspects in the Northern Hemisphere, south-facing aspects in the Southern Hemisphere).
Additionally, when viewing complex terrain such as the mountains of western CONUS, parallax affects the apparent position of the variable topography. Some portions of the ground surface may even become obscured from view completely by surrounding steep terrain with poleward-facing aspects (north-facing aspects in the Northern Hemisphere, south-facing aspects in the Southern Hemisphere).

Before using observations from these instruments for observing the land surface over mountains, orthorectification is needed to try and account for the off-nadir view angles and topographic effects in the geostationary satellite imagery.

Expand All @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ The terrain parallax is especially visually apparent when flipping between GOES-
:width: 600px
:relative-images:

The sub-pixel orthorectification method applied here uses the GOES satellite's known orbital position (from ABI product NetCDF metadata) to compute the intersection of line of sight (LOS) vectors with a DEM surface. This method is **"sub-pixel"** because the DEM spatial resolution can be much finer (here I've used ~30 m, 1 arc-second SRTM DEM) than the GOES ABI image resolution (> 2 km). This effectively drapes ABI pixels (and their respective radiance or brightness tempreature values) over the terrain at the DEM's finer resolution.
The sub-pixel orthorectification method applied here uses the GOES satellite's known orbital position (from ABI product NetCDF metadata) to compute the intersection of line of sight (LOS) vectors with a DEM surface. This method is **"sub-pixel"** because the DEM spatial resolution can be much finer (here I've used ~30 m, 1 arc-second SRTM DEM) than the GOES ABI image resolution (> 2 km). This effectively drapes ABI pixels (and their respective radiance or brightness temperature values) over the terrain at the DEM's finer resolution.

The figure below (from the GOES ABI ATBD) illustrates the satellite's viewing geometry. The orthorectification method developed here modifies point P on the Earth's surface using information from a DEM about its elevation relative to the reference ellipsoid.

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion goes_ortho/geometry.py
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Expand Up @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def goes_lza(lat_ssp, lon_ssp, lat, lon, H=42164.16, r_eq=6378.137):
lon : float
view point longitude on Earth's surface [degrees]
elev : float
view point elevation (heigh above GRS80 ellispoid) [km]
view point elevation (height above GRS80 ellispoid) [km]
H : float
satellite distance to Earth center [km] (defaults to 42164.16 km)
r_eq : float
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion goes_ortho/get_data.py
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Expand Up @@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ def get_dem(demtype, bounds, api_key, out_fn=None, proj='EPSG:4326'):
#Write to disk
open(out_fn, 'wb').write(response.content)
if proj != 'EPSG:4326':
#Could avoid writing to disk and direclty reproject with rasterio, using gdalwarp for simplicity
#Could avoid writing to disk and directly reproject with rasterio, using gdalwarp for simplicity
proj_fn = os.path.splitext(out_fn)[0]+'_proj.tif'
if not os.path.exists(proj_fn):
output_res = 30
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