Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#31608: doc: Clarify min macOS and Xcode version

fa029a7 doc: Clarify min macOS and Xcode version (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  Two minor doc fixups:

  * Clarify that `macOS 13.0+` means `macOS 13+`, indicating that on any major version, only the latest security release is supported.
  * Clarify that the Xcode version was selected based on the minimum required macOS version and the minimum required clang version.

ACKs for top commit:
  jarolrod:
    ACK fa029a7
  hebasto:
    re-ACK fa029a7.
  theuni:
    ACK fa029a7

Tree-SHA512: d34910fcc22e57021d7642938e5886419d2b711e1062cbc4fc3da48baf07377231f9d7b394e22ccb17e830d058c8c797dbd1bbffcc7c8828601bb500e1154a9e

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
 
   macos-native-arm64:
     name: ${{ matrix.job-name }}
-    # Use latest image, but hardcode version to avoid silent upgrades (and breaks).
+    # Use any image to support the xcode-select below, but hardcode version to avoid silent upgrades (and breaks).
     # See: https://github.com/actions/runner-images#available-images.
     runs-on: macos-14
 
@@ -111,6 +111,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Clang version
         run: |
+          # Use the earliest Xcode supported by the version of macOS denoted in
+          # doc/release-notes-empty-template.md and providing at least the
+          # minimum clang version denoted in doc/dependencies.md.
+          # See: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode-release-notes/xcode-15-release-notes
           sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode_15.0.app
           clang --version
 

doc/release-notes-empty-template.md

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Compatibility
 ==============
 
 Bitcoin Core is supported and tested on operating systems using the
-Linux Kernel 3.17+, macOS 13.0+, and Windows 10 and newer. Bitcoin
+Linux Kernel 3.17+, macOS 13+, and Windows 10+. Bitcoin
 Core should also work on most other Unix-like systems but is not as
 frequently tested on them. It is not recommended to use Bitcoin Core on
 unsupported systems.