E-mail validation

Sources/ValidationKit/Resources/en.lproj/Localizable.strings

@@ -16,3 +16,4 @@
 "invalid_date" = "is not a valid date";
 "not_accepted" = "is not accepted";
 "invalid_option" = "invalid option %@";
+"invalid_email" = "invalid e-mail address";

Sources/ValidationKit/Resources/nl.lproj/Localizable.strings

@@ -16,3 +16,4 @@
 "invalid_date" = "is geen geldige datum";
 "not_accepted" = "is niet geaccepteerd";
 "invalid_option" = "ongeldige optie %@";
+"invalid_email" = "ongeldig e-mailadres";

Sources/ValidationKit/Validators/Validator+Email.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+//
+//  Validator+Email.swift
+//  ValidationKit
+//
+//  Created by Mathijs Bernson on 25/05/2023.
+//
+
+import Foundation
+
+public extension Validator {
+    /// Validates whether the value is a valid e-mail address, according to the WHATWG HTML living standard.
+    ///
+    /// A valid email address is a string that matches the email production of the following ABNF, the character set for which is Unicode. This ABNF implements the extensions described in RFC 1123.
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// email         = 1*( atext / "." ) "@" label *( "." label )
+    /// label         = let-dig [ [ ldh-str ] let-dig ]  ; limited to a length of 63 characters by RFC 1034 section 3.5
+    /// atext         = < as defined in RFC 5322 section 3.2.3 >
+    /// let-dig       = < as defined in RFC 1034 section 3.5 >
+    /// ldh-str       = < as defined in RFC 1034 section 3.5 >
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// Note: This requirement is a willful violation of RFC 5322, which defines a syntax for email addresses that is simultaneously too strict (before the "@" character), too vague (after the "@" character), and too lax (allowing comments, whitespace characters, and quoted strings in manners unfamiliar to most users) to be of practical use here.
+    ///
+    /// Reference: https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/input.html#valid-e-mail-address
+    static var email: Validator<String, String> {
+        Validator<String, String> { input in
+            if let range = input.range(of: #"^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)*$"#, options: .regularExpression) {
+                let output = String(input[range])
+                return .valid(output)
+            } else {
+                return .invalid(.invalidEmail)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+public extension ValidationError {
+    static let invalidEmail = ValidationError(localizedDescription: NSLocalizedString("invalid_email", comment: "Invalid e-mail address error"))
+}

Tests/ValidationKitTests/EmailTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import XCTest
+import ValidationKit
+
+class EmailTests: XCTestCase {
+  func testValidEmailAddresses() {
+    let validator = Validator<String, String>.email
+
+    // Test cases from: https://www.softwaretestingo.com/test-cases-for-email-field/
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Valid email")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "The email contains a dot in the address field")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "The email contains a dot with a subdomain")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Plus sign is considered a valid character")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "The domain is a valid IP address")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "email@[123.123.123.123]").isValid, "A square bracket around the IP address is considered valid")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "“email”@domain.com").isValid, "Quotes around email are considered valid")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Digits in the address are valid")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Dash in the domain name is valid")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Underscore in the address field is valid")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, ".name is a valid Top Level Domain name")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Dot in Top Level Domain name also considered valid (use co.jp as an example here)")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Dash in the address field is valid")
+
+    // Test cases from ChatGPT
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Standard email format")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a subdomain")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with numbers in the domain name")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with special characters in the local part")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a two-letter top-level domain (TLD)")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a hyphen in the domain name")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a single-letter local part")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a long local part and domain name")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a dot at the beginning of the local part")
+    XCTAssertTrue(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with a dot at the end of the local part")
+  }
+
+  func testInvalidEmailAddresses() {
+    let validator = Validator<String, String>.email
+
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "@#@@##@%^%#$@#$@#.com").isValid)
+
+    // Test cases from: https://www.softwaretestingo.com/test-cases-for-email-field/
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "plain address").isValid, "Missing @ sign and domain")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "#@%^%#$@#$@#.com").isValid, "Garbage")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "@domain.com").isValid, "Missing username")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "Joe Smith <[email protected]>").isValid, "Encoded HTML within an email is invalid")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "email.domain.com").isValid, "Missing @")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "email@[email protected]").isValid, "Two @ sign")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "The leading dot in the address is not allowed")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Trailing dot in address is not allowed")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Multiple dots")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "あいうえお@domain.com").isValid, "Unicode char as address")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected] (Joe Smith)").isValid, "Text followed email is not allowed")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "email@domain").isValid, "Missing top-level domain (.com/.net/.org/etc.)")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "The leading dash in front of the domain is invalid")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, ".web is not a valid top-level domain")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Invalid IP format")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Multiple dots in the domain portion is invalid")
+
+    // Test cases from ChatGPT
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "example.com").isValid, "Missing @ symbol")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email without a domain name")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "user@example").isValid, "Email without a top-level domain (TLD)")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "john@[email protected]").isValid, "Email with multiple @ symbols")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "john [email protected]").isValid, "Email with a space character")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "john@example#.com").isValid, "Email with invalid characters in the domain name")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "@example.com").isValid, "Email without a local part")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "[email protected]").isValid, "Email with consecutive dots in the local part")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "john_doe@_example.com").isValid, "Email with an underscore at the beginning of the domain name")
+    XCTAssertFalse(validator.validate(input: "user@example.").isValid, "Email with a missing domain extension")
+  }
+}