From 0bcad8ea840268734a7988ef1dd4b1fca695b7b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: hubert <4006002+hdulay@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 2 Oct 2024 11:55:56 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] updates for meetup (#43)

---
 recipes/minio-real-time/Makefile  |  13 ++
 recipes/minio-real-time/README.md | 227 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 2 files changed, 218 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)

diff --git a/recipes/minio-real-time/Makefile b/recipes/minio-real-time/Makefile
index 3ba2f37..94ff7c6 100644
--- a/recipes/minio-real-time/Makefile
+++ b/recipes/minio-real-time/Makefile
@@ -51,3 +51,16 @@ validate:
 		exit 1
 
 
+
+list: 
+	docker exec -it pinot-server ls -lFR /tmp/pinot-tmp/server/index/
+
+delete:
+	docker exec -it pinot-server rm -rf /tmp/pinot-tmp/server/index/events_REALTIME
+
+restart:
+	PWD=$(shell pwd) docker compose \
+		-f ../kafka-compose.yml \
+		-f ../pinot-compose.yml \
+		-f ../minio-compose.yml \
+		restart pinot-server
diff --git a/recipes/minio-real-time/README.md b/recipes/minio-real-time/README.md
index 4d3d6ea..b8c0749 100644
--- a/recipes/minio-real-time/README.md
+++ b/recipes/minio-real-time/README.md
@@ -1,48 +1,231 @@
 # Using MinIO as a Deep Store
 
-> In this recipe we'll learn how to use Minio as a Deep Store for segments in real-time tables.
+In this recipe we'll learn how to use [MinIO](#what-is-minio) as a [Deep Store](#what-is-the-deep-store) for segments in real-time tables.
 
 
-## Makefile
+## What is the Deep Store?
+
+The deep store is the permanent storage for segment files in Apache Pinot. It is used for backup and restore operations, where server nodes in a cluster can pull down a copy of segment files from the deep store if needed. The deep store stores compressed versions of segment files without indexes and can be stored on various file systems.
+
+Servers need to recover segments from the deep store in scenarios where the local segment files on a server are damaged or accidentally deleted. Additionally, new server nodes in a cluster will pull down a copy of segment files from the deep store during backup and restore operations.
+
+Pinot supports the following file systems: 
+- Amazon S3
+- Google Cloud Storage
+- HDFS
+- Azure Data Lake Storage.
+
+## What is MinIO?
+
+MinIO is a cloud storage server designed to be small, scalable, and optimized for large enterprise deployments. It can be installed on physical or virtual machines, launched as Docker containers, and deployed on container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes. MinIO provides features such as erasure coding, data protection, encryption, identity management, replication, global federation, and multi-cloud deployments.
+
+The MinIO Client supports Amazon S3-compatible cloud storage services on Linux, Mac, and Windows platforms. The SDK offers an API to access any Amazon S3-compatible object storage server with language bindings available for various programming languages.
+
+## How?
+
+In real-time streaming use cases, a real-time Pinot table consumes from a stream from a streaming platform like Kafka or Pulsar and generates segments in memory. It is then uploaded to the lead controller (as part of the Segment Completion Protocol sequence), which writes the segment into the deep store.
+
+```mermaid
+graph LR;
+Stream-->rt[Server]--Segment-->Controller-->d[Deep Store]
+```
+
+The batch / offline approach is different. A batch job generates segments then uploads them into the deep store directly.
+
+```mermaid
+graph LR;
+
+job[Batch Job]--Segment-->ds2[Deep Store]--notification-->offline[Server]
+```
+
+In both cases, the `Deep Store` is `MinIO`.
+
+```mermaid
+graph LR;
+
+d[Deep Store = MinIO]
+
+```
+
+In this recipe, we use Docker to load an instance of MinIO and configure Pinot to use it to store segments and leverage Make to execute the commands.
+
+Run the command below to build everything.
 
 ```bash
 make recipe
 ```
 
-## Validate
+**MinIO Configuration**
 
-Check that minio has the segment in the deep store. You can also log into the minio console and check. http://localhost:9001/browser/deepstore. (username and password is `miniodeepstorage`)
+Below is the MinIO [configuration](../docker/minio.env). This is where we set the username and password to use in the Pinot controller and server.
+
+```properties
+# MINIO_ROOT_USER and MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD sets the root account for the MinIO server.
+# This user has unrestricted permissions to perform S3 and administrative API operations on any resource in the deployment.
+# Omit to use the default values 'minioadmin:minioadmin'.
+# MinIO recommends setting non-default values as a best practice, regardless of environment
+
+MINIO_ROOT_USER=miniodeepstorage
+MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=miniodeepstorage
+
+# MINIO_VOLUMES sets the storage volume or path to use for the MinIO server.
+
+MINIO_VOLUMES="/mnt/data"
+
+# MINIO_OPTS sets any additional commandline options to pass to the MinIO server.
+# For example, `--console-address :9001` sets the MinIO Console listen port
+MINIO_OPTS="--console-address :9001"
+
+# MINIO_SERVER_URL sets the hostname of the local machine for use with the MinIO Server
+# MinIO assumes your network control plane can correctly resolve this hostname to the local machine
+
+# Uncomment the following line and replace the value with the correct hostname for the local machine and port for the MinIO server (9000 by default).
+
+MINIO_SERVER_URL="http://minio:9000"
 
 ```
-docker exec minio mc ls myminio/deepstore/events
+
+**Controller Configuration:**
+
+The Pinot controller is reconfigured to write segments to MinIO using the following configurations. Notice the factory class `S3PinotFS` uses an S3 client to interface with MinIO.
+
+```properties
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.class.s3=org.apache.pinot.plugin.filesystem.S3PinotFS
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.s3.region=us-east-1
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.s3.accessKey=miniodeepstorage
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.s3.secretKey=miniodeepstorage
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.s3.disableAcl=false
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.s3.endpoint=http://minio:9000
+
 ```
 
-Add table and schema:
+**Server Configuration**
+
+The Pinot server is also reconfigured to read segments from MinIO using the configuration below. Notice again the S3 references.
+
+```properties
+pinot.server.storage.factory.class.s3=org.apache.pinot.plugin.filesystem.S3PinotFS
+pinot.server.storage.factory.s3.region=us-east-1
+pinot.server.storage.factory.s3.accessKey=miniodeepstorage
+pinot.server.storage.factory.s3.secretKey=miniodeepstorage
+pinot.server.storage.factory.s3.disableAcl=false
+pinot.server.storage.factory.s3.endpoint=http://minio:9000
+pinot.server.segment.fetcher.protocols=file,http,s3
+pinot.server.segment.fetcher.s3.class=org.apache.pinot.common.utils.fetcher.PinotFSSegmentFetcher
+
+pinot.controller.storage.factory.s3.disableAcl=false
+
+```
+
+**MinIO Commands**
+
+The Makefile does all the work after all the servers have started, but let's walk through what it's doing.
+
+1. Get MinIO details from its log.
+
+```bash
+docker logs minio
+```
+
+Output:
+```
+Formatting 1st pool, 1 set(s), 1 drives per set.
+WARNING: Host local has more than 0 drives of set. A host failure will result in data becoming unavailable.
+MinIO Object Storage Server
+Copyright: 2015-2024 MinIO, Inc.
+License: GNU AGPLv3 - https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html
+Version: RELEASE.2024-06-13T22-53-53Z (go1.22.4 linux/amd64)
+
+API: http://minio:9000
+WebUI: http://192.168.16.4:9001 http://127.0.0.1:9001
+
+Docs: https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/index.html
+Status:         1 Online, 0 Offline.
+STARTUP WARNINGS:
+- The standard parity is set to 0. This can lead to data loss.
+
+ You are running an older version of MinIO released 2 weeks before the latest release
+ Update: Run `mc admin update ALIAS`
+```
+
+2. Next we create an alias
+
+```bash
+docker exec -it minio mc alias set 'myminio' 'http://minio:9000' 'miniodeepstorage' 'miniodeepstorage'
+```
+Output:
+```
+mc: Configuration written to `/tmp/.mc/config.json`. Please update your access credentials.
+mc: Successfully created `/tmp/.mc/share`.
+mc: Initialized share uploads `/tmp/.mc/share/uploads.json` file.
+mc: Initialized share downloads `/tmp/.mc/share/downloads.json` file.
+Added `myminio` successfully.
+```
+
+3. Then, we use the `minio` CLI to verify that the alias works by looking up the information using the command below.
 
 ```bash
-docker run \
-   --network minio \
-   -v $PWD/config:/config \
-   apachepinot/pinot:1.0.0 AddTable \
-     -schemaFile /config/schema.json \
-     -tableConfigFile /config/table-realtime.json \
-     -controllerHost "pinot-controller" \
-    -exec
+docker exec -it minio mc admin info myminio
+```
+
+Output:
 ```
+●  minio:9000
+   Uptime: 2 seconds
+   Version: 2024-06-13T22:53:53Z
+   Network: 1/1 OK
+   Drives: 1/1 OK
+   Pool: 1
+
+┌──────┬───────────────────────┬─────────────────────┬──────────────┐
+│ Pool │ Drives Usage          │ Erasure stripe size │ Erasure sets │
+│ 1st  │ 78.4% (total: 55 GiB) │ 1                   │ 1            │
+└──────┴───────────────────────┴─────────────────────┴──────────────┘
 
+1 drive online, 0 drives offline, EC:0
+```
 
-Import messages into Kafka:
+4. Next, we create the bucket and list its contents using the following commands:
+```bash
+docker exec -it minio mc mb myminio/deepstore
+```
+Output:
+```
+Bucket created successfully `myminio/deepstore`.
+```
 
+5. Finally, we list the buckets in the alias we created. 
 ```bash
-python datagen.py --sleep 0.0001 2>/dev/null |
-jq -cr --arg sep ø '[.uuid, tostring] | join($sep)' |
-kcat -P -b localhost:9092 -t events -Kø
+docker exec -it minio mc ls myminio
+```
+Output:
 ```
+[2024-07-01 19:18:02 UTC]     0B deepstore/
+```
+
+## Validate
 
-List the segments in the MinIO bucket:
+Check that minio has the segment in the deep store. You can also log into the minio console and check. http://localhost:9001/browser/deepstore. (username and password is `miniodeepstorage`)
 
 ```
-aws s3 ls s3://pinot-events/events/ \
-  --endpoint-url http://localhost:9100 \
-  --human-readable 
+docker exec minio mc ls myminio/deepstore/events
 ```
+
+Next, delete a segment off a server and restart to recover from deep store.
+
+```bash
+# list all segments recursively
+make list
+
+# Delete all segments for the events table
+make delete
+
+# verify that segment is deleted
+make list
+
+# restart the server
+make restart
+
+# verify that segment is recovered, wait 10 seconds
+make list
+```
\ No newline at end of file