create-root-keys.md

copyright	lastupdated	keywords	subcollection
years 2018, 2021	2021-08-12	root key, create root key, add key, root key api, api key, symmetric key, key material, key management, create key-wrapping key, create crk, create customer key, key-wrapping key	hs-crypto

{:shortdesc: .shortdesc} {:codeblock: .codeblock} {:screen: .screen} {:pre: .pre} {:tip: .tip} {:note: .note} {:external: target="_blank" .external} {:term: .term}

Creating root keys

{: #create-root-keys}

You can use {{site.data.keyword.cloud}} {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} to create root keys{: term} by using the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} console, or programmatically with the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} key management API. {: shortdesc}

Root keys are symmetric key-wrapping keys that are used to protect the security of encrypted data in the cloud. For more information about root keys, see Envelope encryption.

Creating root keys with the console

{: #root-key-gui}

After you create an instance of the service, complete the following steps to create a root key with the {{site.data.keyword.cloud_notm}} console.

If you enable dual authorization settings for your {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} instance, keep in mind that any keys that you add to the service require an authorization from two users to delete keys. {: note}

1. Log in to the {{site.data.keyword.cloud_notm}} console{: external}.

2. Go to Menu > Resource List to view a list of your resources.

3. From your {{site.data.keyword.cloud_notm}} resource list, select your provisioned instance of {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}}.

4. To create a new key, select the KMS keys tab in the side menu.

5. In the Keys table, click Add key, and select Create a key.

   Specify the key's details:

   Table 1. Describes the settings to create a key

   Setting	Description
   Key type	The type of key that you would like to manage in {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}}. From the list of key types, select Root key.
   Key name	A unique, human-readable name for easy identification of your key. Length must be within 2 - 90 characters. To protect your privacy, ensure that the key name does not contain personally identifiable information (PII), such as your name or location.
   Key alias	(Optional) One or more unique, human-readable aliases that you want to assign to your key for easy recognition. Alias size can be 2 - 90 characters. You can set up to five key aliases for the key, with each separated by a comma. Note: Each alias must be alphanumeric, case sensitive, and cannot contain spaces or special characters other than dashes (-) or underscores (_). The alias cannot be a version 4 UUID and must not be a {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} reserved name: allowed_ip, key, keys, metadata, policy, policies, registration, registrations, ring, rings, rotate, wrap, unwrap, rewrap, version, versions.
   Key ring ID	Select a key ring from the list that contains the existing key rings. If you don't assign a key ring, the key is added to the default key ring. For more information about key rings, see Managing key rings.
   Expiration date	(Optional) Set the date and time when the key gets expired. After the expiration date, the key moves into the Deactivated state. For more information about key state, see Monitoring the lifecycle of encryption keys.
   Description	(Optional) Add an extended description for your key. It can be two to 240 characters in length.

6. When you finish filling out the key's details, click Create key to confirm.

Keys that are created in the service are symmetric 256-bit keys, supported by the AES-CBC algorithm. For added security, keys are generated by FIPS 140-2 Level 4 certified hardware security modules (HSMs){: term} that are located in secure {{site.data.keyword.cloud_notm}} data centers.

Creating root keys with the API

{: #root-key-api}

Create a root key by making a POST call to the following endpoint.

https://api.<region>.hs-crypto.cloud.ibm.com:<port>/api/v2/keys

{: codeblock}

1. Retrieve your service and authentication credentials to work with keys in the service.

2. Call the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} key management API{: external} with the following curl command.

   curl -X POST \
     "https://api.<region>.hs-crypto.cloud.ibm.com:<port>/api/v2/keys" \
     -H "authorization: Bearer <IAM_token>" \
     -H "bluemix-instance: <instance_ID>" \
     -H "content-type: application/vnd.ibm.kms.key+json" \
     -H "x-kms-key-ring: <key_ring_ID>" \
     -H "correlation-id: <correlation_ID>" \
     -d '{
             "metadata": {
                 "collectionType": "application/vnd.ibm.kms.key+json",
                 "collectionTotal": 1
             },
             "resources": [
                 {
                     "type": "application/vnd.ibm.kms.key+json",
                      "name": "<key_name>",
                      "aliases": [alias_list],
                      "description": "<key_description>",
                      "expirationDate": "<YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS.SSZ>",
                      "extractable": <key_type>
                 }
             ]
         }'

   {: codeblock}

   Replace the variables in the example request according to the following table.

   Table 2. Describes the variables that are needed to add a root key with the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} key management API

   Variable	Description
   region	Required. The region abbreviation, such as us-south or au-syd, that represents the geographic area where your {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} service instance resides. For more information, see Regional service endpoints.
   port	Required. The port number of the API endpoint.
   IAM_token	Required. Your {{site.data.keyword.cloud_notm}} access token. Include the full contents of the IAM token, including the Bearer value, in the cURL request. For more information, see Retrieving an access token.
   instance_ID	Required. The unique identifier that is assigned to your {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} service instance. For more information, see Retrieving an instance ID.
   key_ring_ID	Optional. The unique identifier of the target key ring that you want to assign the key to. If unspecified, the header is automatically set to default and the key belongs to the default key ring in the specified {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} instance. For more information, see Managing key rings.
   correlation_ID	The unique identifier that is used to track and correlate transactions.
   key_name	Required. A unique, human-readable name for easy identification of your key. Important: To protect your privacy, do not store your personal data as metadata for your key.
   alias_list	Optional. One or more unique, human-readable aliases assigned to your key. Important: To protect your privacy, do not store your personal data as metadata for your key. Each alias must be alphanumeric, case sensitive, and cannot contain spaces or special characters other than dashes (-) or underscores (_). The alias cannot be a version 4 UUID and must not be a {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} reserved name: allowed_ip, key, keys, metadata, policy, policies, registration, registrations, ring, rings, rotate, wrap, unwrap, rewrap, version, versions. Alias size can be 2 - 90 characters (inclusive).
   key_description	Optional: An extended description of your key. Important: To protect your privacy, do not store your personal data as metadata for your key.
   YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.SS	Optional: The date and time that the key expires in the system, in RFC 3339 format. If the expirationDate attribute is omitted, the key does not expire.
   key_type	A boolean value that determines whether the key material can leave the service. When you set the extractable attribute to false, the service creates a root key that you can use for wrap or unwrap operations.

   To protect the confidentiality of your personal data, avoid entering personally identifiable information (PII), such as your name or location, when you add keys to the service. For more examples of PII, see section 2.2 of the NIST Special Publication 800-122{: external}. {: tip}

   If you set the expirationDate in your request, the key is moved to the deactivated state within 1 hour past the key's expiration date. {: note}

   A successful POST /v2/keys response returns the ID value for your key, along with other metadata. The ID is a unique identifier that is assigned to your key and is used for subsequent calls to the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} key management API.

   {
       "metadata": {
           "collectionType": "application/vnd.ibm.kms.key+json",
           "collectionTotal": 1
       },
       "resources": [
           {
               "type": "application/vnd.ibm.kms.key+json",
               "id": "02fd6835-6001-4482-a892-13bd2085f75d",
               "name": "test-root-key",
               "aliases": [
                   "alias-1",
                   "alias-2"
                 ],
               "description": "A test root key",
               "state": 1,
               "extractable": false,
               "crn": "crn:v1:bluemix:public:kms:us-south:a/f047b55a3362ac06afad8a3f2f5586ea:12e8c9c2-a162-472d-b7d6-8b9a86b815a6:key:02fd6835-6001-4482-a892-13bd2085f75d",
               "imported": false,
               "creationDate": "2020-03-12T03:37:32Z",
               "createdBy": "...",
               "algorithmType": "AES",
               "algorithmMetadata": {
                   "bitLength": "256",
                   "mode": "CBC_PAD"
               },
               "algorithmBitSize": 256,
               "algorithmMode": "CBC_PAD",
               "lastUpdateDate": "2020-03-12T03:37:32Z",
               "keyVersion": {
                   "id": "2291e4ae-a14c-4af9-88f0-27c0cb2739e2",
                   "creationDate": "2020-03-12T03:37:32Z"
               },
               "dualAuthDelete": {
                   "enabled": false
               },
               "deleted": false
           }
       ]
   }

   {: screen}

   For a detailed description of the response parameters, see the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} REST API reference doc{: external}. {: tip}

3. Optional: Verify that the key was created by running the following call to browse the keys in your {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} service instance.

   curl -X GET \
     https://api.<region>.hs-crypto.cloud.ibm.com:<port>/api/v2/keys \
     -H 'accept: application/vnd.ibm.collection+json' \
     -H 'authorization: Bearer <IAM_token>' \
     -H 'bluemix-instance: <instance_ID>' \
     -H 'correlation-id: <correlation_ID>' \
   

   {: codeblock}

After you create a root key with the service, the key stays within the bounds of {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}}, and the key material cannot be retrieved. {: note}

What's next

{: #root-key-next}

• To find out more about protecting keys with envelope encryption, check out Wrapping keys.
• To find out instruction on importing your own key, check out Importing root keys or Importing standard keys.
• To find out more about programmatically managing your keys, check out the {{site.data.keyword.hscrypto}} key management API reference doc{: external}.