AnalyseSearchResults_Domains_ContentType_Year.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7c89fb77",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Analyse Search Results: Domains, Content Type and Year"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e047bf54",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Engaging with big data often necessitates initial analysis to establish some kind of sense of the data.\n",
    "\n",
    "This notebook will allow you to analyse results from a search in SolrWayback, by checking how the resources are distributed by domain, media type and crawl year.\n",
    "\n",
    "If you are new to python or programming - DON'T WORRY! The narrative between the code cells will explain what the script is performing. To run a cell, simply press SHIFT+Enter or the \"Run\"-button in the top.\n",
    "\n",
    "NB!\n",
    "You will need a file in JSONL format, exported from your SolrWayback query result (see [documentation]()). For this notebook's operations to work, the fields \"domain\", \"content_type\" and \"crawl year\" must be included in the export."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d3c0dfe5",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Import libraries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f86650a4",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "First, we need to import the necessary libraries."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "66919e68",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import plotly.express as px"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "b5c2f209",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Load data from SolrWayback"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8189132d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Load the JSONL data set you exported from SolrWayback. *(The display function on line 2 outputs a table with the first and last 5 lines of your data.)*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "0a5e895b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>warc_key_id</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>domain</th>\n",
       "      <th>content_type</th>\n",
       "      <th>crawl_date</th>\n",
       "      <th>crawl_year</th>\n",
       "      <th>url_norm</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:06add8d3-380a-4b3a-9cf5-2578f77d7f62&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre</td>\n",
       "      <td>europabloggen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>application/xhtml+xml</td>\n",
       "      <td>1645812529000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:8de22051-ee5a-4d25-b7eb-0c1d48f1e007&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre</td>\n",
       "      <td>europabloggen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>application/xhtml+xml</td>\n",
       "      <td>1646070193000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:db2fb7a5-0eb1-460e-b414-e77fa2d2b410&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre</td>\n",
       "      <td>europabloggen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>application/xhtml+xml</td>\n",
       "      <td>1646330192000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:498cd143-f833-4c6c-aec6-fc721e25bc88&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre</td>\n",
       "      <td>europabloggen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>application/xhtml+xml</td>\n",
       "      <td>1646765196000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:d65a4fb6-b316-480e-842c-d644d6c1ad49&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre</td>\n",
       "      <td>europabloggen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>application/xhtml+xml</td>\n",
       "      <td>1646919904000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6408</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:0647b30d-bcbe-4537-a95f-a6a0ce5aaffa&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>tv2.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>text/plain</td>\n",
       "      <td>1646061800000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://tv2.no:443/spesialer/api/open/articles/...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6409</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:fc1b7067-c8ba-434d-bb85-5184ac83914f&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>tv2.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>text/plain</td>\n",
       "      <td>1646323954000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://tv2.no:443/spesialer/api/open/articles/...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6410</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:f916850c-9474-4da1-8229-7bc507112d27&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>tv2.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>text/plain</td>\n",
       "      <td>1648824785000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2022</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://tv2.no:443/spesialer/api/open/articles/...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6411</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:ba5c7751-2470-4d77-acb9-c955b3da8f0d&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>vl.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>text/plain</td>\n",
       "      <td>1685060661000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2023</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://vl.no:443/pf/api/v3/content/fetch/conte...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6412</th>\n",
       "      <td>&lt;urn:uuid:2ca44f98-06cd-4115-8b32-9885af6358e6&gt;</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>dagsavisen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>text/plain</td>\n",
       "      <td>1685091944000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2023</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://dagsavisen.no:443/pf/api/v3/content/fet...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>6413 rows × 7 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                                          warc_key_id  \\\n",
       "0     <urn:uuid:06add8d3-380a-4b3a-9cf5-2578f77d7f62>   \n",
       "1     <urn:uuid:8de22051-ee5a-4d25-b7eb-0c1d48f1e007>   \n",
       "2     <urn:uuid:db2fb7a5-0eb1-460e-b414-e77fa2d2b410>   \n",
       "3     <urn:uuid:498cd143-f833-4c6c-aec6-fc721e25bc88>   \n",
       "4     <urn:uuid:d65a4fb6-b316-480e-842c-d644d6c1ad49>   \n",
       "...                                               ...   \n",
       "6408  <urn:uuid:0647b30d-bcbe-4537-a95f-a6a0ce5aaffa>   \n",
       "6409  <urn:uuid:fc1b7067-c8ba-434d-bb85-5184ac83914f>   \n",
       "6410  <urn:uuid:f916850c-9474-4da1-8229-7bc507112d27>   \n",
       "6411  <urn:uuid:ba5c7751-2470-4d77-acb9-c955b3da8f0d>   \n",
       "6412  <urn:uuid:2ca44f98-06cd-4115-8b32-9885af6358e6>   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                    title            domain  \\\n",
       "0     Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre  europabloggen.no   \n",
       "1     Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre  europabloggen.no   \n",
       "2     Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre  europabloggen.no   \n",
       "3     Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre  europabloggen.no   \n",
       "4     Europabloggen.no » Jonas Gahr Støre  europabloggen.no   \n",
       "...                                   ...               ...   \n",
       "6408                                  NaN            tv2.no   \n",
       "6409                                  NaN            tv2.no   \n",
       "6410                                  NaN            tv2.no   \n",
       "6411                                  NaN             vl.no   \n",
       "6412                                  NaN     dagsavisen.no   \n",
       "\n",
       "               content_type     crawl_date  crawl_year  \\\n",
       "0     application/xhtml+xml  1645812529000        2022   \n",
       "1     application/xhtml+xml  1646070193000        2022   \n",
       "2     application/xhtml+xml  1646330192000        2022   \n",
       "3     application/xhtml+xml  1646765196000        2022   \n",
       "4     application/xhtml+xml  1646919904000        2022   \n",
       "...                     ...            ...         ...   \n",
       "6408             text/plain  1646061800000        2022   \n",
       "6409             text/plain  1646323954000        2022   \n",
       "6410             text/plain  1648824785000        2022   \n",
       "6411             text/plain  1685060661000        2023   \n",
       "6412             text/plain  1685091944000        2023   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               url_norm  \n",
       "0          http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre  \n",
       "1          http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre  \n",
       "2          http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre  \n",
       "3          http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre  \n",
       "4          http://europabloggen.no/tag/jonas-gahr-støre  \n",
       "...                                                 ...  \n",
       "6408  http://tv2.no:443/spesialer/api/open/articles/...  \n",
       "6409  http://tv2.no:443/spesialer/api/open/articles/...  \n",
       "6410  http://tv2.no:443/spesialer/api/open/articles/...  \n",
       "6411  http://vl.no:443/pf/api/v3/content/fetch/conte...  \n",
       "6412  http://dagsavisen.no:443/pf/api/v3/content/fet...  \n",
       "\n",
       "[6413 rows x 7 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_json('data/solrwayback_JonasGahrStore.jsonl', lines=True)\n",
    "display(df)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "250f8e9b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 1. Domain stats"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "fd2f936d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Count"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8bbb14d9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Now, we can count the number of occurrences of each domain, and sort them in descending order."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "24fd490b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>domain</th>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>regjeringen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>2556</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>vg.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>653</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>lp4.io</td>\n",
       "      <td>533</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>dagbladet.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>263</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>europabloggen.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>...</th>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "      <td>...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>88</th>\n",
       "      <td>iris-core-ap.schibsted.tech</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>87</th>\n",
       "      <td>derimot.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>86</th>\n",
       "      <td>svalbardposten.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>85</th>\n",
       "      <td>videostep.com</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>104</th>\n",
       "      <td>adressa.no</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "<p>105 rows × 2 columns</p>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                          domain  count\n",
       "0                 regjeringen.no   2556\n",
       "1                          vg.no    653\n",
       "2                         lp4.io    533\n",
       "3                   dagbladet.no    263\n",
       "4               europabloggen.no    240\n",
       "..                           ...    ...\n",
       "88   iris-core-ap.schibsted.tech      1\n",
       "87                    derimot.no      1\n",
       "86             svalbardposten.no      1\n",
       "85                 videostep.com      1\n",
       "104                   adressa.no      1\n",
       "\n",
       "[105 rows x 2 columns]"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "domain_counts = df['domain'].value_counts().reset_index()\n",
    "domain_counts.columns = ['domain', 'count']\n",
    "domain_counts_sorted = domain_counts.sort_values('count', ascending=False)\n",
    "display(domain_counts_sorted)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "21e9cef3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Visualisation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "112071de",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Since we have counted the number of resources per domain, it is also possible to visualise the distribution.\n",
    "\n",
    "We will use the **plotly** graphing tool to generate an interactive pie chart.\n",
    "\n",
    "*TIP: You can move your mouse over the pie chart to display data for that block, and active/deactive domains in the right column.*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "9275008f",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "application/vnd.plotly.v1+json": {
       "config": {
        "plotlyServerURL": "https://plot.ly"
       },
       "data": [
        {
         "domain": {
          "x": [
           0,
           1
          ],
          "y": [
           0,
           1
          ]
         },
         "hovertemplate": "domain=%{label}<br>count=%{value}<extra></extra>",
         "labels": [
          "regjeringen.no",
          "vg.no",
          "lp4.io",
          "dagbladet.no",
          "europabloggen.no",
          "nettavisen.no",
          "nrk.no",
          "google-analytics.com",
          "bt.no",
          "aftenposten.no",
          "tv2.no",
          "forsvaretsforum.no",
          "nupi.no",
          "k5a.io",
          "snl.no",
          "360yield.com",
          "arbeiderpartiet.no",
          "abcnyheter.no",
          "live-api-prod.schibsted.tech",
          "spklw.com",
          "sykepleien.no",
          "scorecardresearch.com",
          "psykologtidsskriftet.no",
          "e24.no",
          "nho.no",
          "friheten.no",
          "ffi.no",
          "abcmedia.no",
          "intrafish.no",
          "fvn.no",
          "omtrdc.net",
          "fn.no",
          "document.no",
          "sorlandsavisen.no",
          "dagsavisen.no",
          "sagat.no",
          "jwpltx.com",
          "dna.no",
          "rights.no",
          "oneoceanexpedition.com",
          "facebook.com",
          "inyheter.no",
          "aptoma.no",
          "onkonytt.no",
          "dagensmedisin.no",
          "idag.no",
          "krf.no",
          "steigan.no",
          "drm24.no",
          "dn.no",
          "fiskeribladet.no",
          "sprinklecontent.com",
          "frifagbevegelse.no",
          "klassekampen.no",
          "disqus.com",
          "finansavisen.no",
          "karmoynytt.no",
          "vl.no",
          "mre.no",
          "folkogforsvar.no",
          "nationen.no",
          "universitas.no",
          "aftenbladet.no",
          "gastroenterologen.no",
          "nab.no",
          "vtb.no",
          "journalisten.no",
          "n247.no",
          "suldalsposten.no",
          "tysver-bygdeblad.no",
          "arendalstidende.no",
          "bodonu.no",
          "skoleaviser.no",
          "shifter.no",
          "infomaker.io",
          "avvir.no",
          "morenytt.no",
          "chartbeat.net",
          "kapital.no",
          "parsely.com",
          "rdm.no",
          "sva.no",
          "live-timeline-addon.schibsted.tech",
          "itromso.no",
          "p3.no",
          "auf.no",
          "nordlys.no",
          "ringsaker-blad.no",
          "osthavet.no",
          "nordnorskdebatt.no",
          "steinkjer-avisa.no",
          "t-a.no",
          "namdalsavisa.no",
          "opinionstage.com",
          "dolen.no",
          "dagen.no",
          "vaganavisa.no",
          "spkt.io",
          "agderposten.no",
          "oslo-universitetssykehus.no",
          "iris-core-ap.schibsted.tech",
          "derimot.no",
          "svalbardposten.no",
          "videostep.com",
          "adressa.no"
         ],
         "legendgroup": "",
         "name": "",
         "showlegend": true,
         "textinfo": "label",
         "textposition": "inside",
         "type": "pie",
         "values": [
          2556,
          653,
          533,
          263,
          240,
          235,
          191,
          137,
          136,
          132,
          118,
          111,
          109,
          106,
          90,
          82,
          65,
          48,
          45,
          40,
          39,
          37,
          36,
          35,
          33,
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       "                            \n",
       "var gd = document.getElementById('bf7bed75-466d-4a27-a682-53d7ed2bc802');\n",
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      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "fig = px.pie(domain_counts_sorted, values='count', names='domain')\n",
    "fig.update_traces(textposition='inside', textinfo='label')\n",
    "fig.update_layout(title_text=\"Distribution of resources per domain\", font_size=15)\n",
    "fig.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "067517e8",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2. Media type"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "2337357c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Count"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f79b405e",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "As with the domains above, we can also count the occurrences of each media type/subtype.\n",
    "\n",
    "*(Media type is synonymous to what is called \"Content type\" in WARC records.)*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "c2d5e475",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "                       content_type  count\n",
      "0                         text/html   4647\n",
      "1                        text/plain    655\n",
      "2             application/xhtml+xml    241\n",
      "3          application/octet-stream    104\n",
      "4                        image/jpeg     84\n",
      "5                         image/gif     47\n",
      "6                     text/calendar     12\n",
      "7          text/html; charset=UTF-8     11\n",
      "8                   application/pdf     11\n",
      "9                  application/json      7\n",
      "10  application/json; charset=utf-8      5\n",
      "11                  text/javascript      4\n",
      "12              application/x-empty      2\n",
      "13   application/json;charset=UTF-8      2\n",
      "14             application/atom+xml      1\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "content_type_counts = df['content_type'].value_counts().reset_index()\n",
    "content_type_counts.columns = ['content_type', 'count']\n",
    "content_type_sorted = content_type_counts.sort_values('count', ascending=False)\n",
    "print(content_type_sorted)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8c7f06aa",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Visualisation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d50191c0",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Run the code block below to visualise the distribution of each content type/subtype."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "496c3dc7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
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        "margin": {
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       "    x.observe(outputEl, {childList: true});\n",
       "}}\n",
       "\n",
       "                        })                };                });            </script>        </div>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "fig = px.pie(content_type_sorted, values='count', names='content_type')\n",
    "fig.update_traces(textposition='inside', textinfo='label')\n",
    "fig.update_layout(title_text=\"Distribution of resources by content type\", font_size=15)\n",
    "fig.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0363658b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 3. Crawl year"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "4b64a974",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Count"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7206909e",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The code block below will count the number of resources per crawl year, and print the result."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "6056b025",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "   crawl_year  count\n",
      "4        2001     13\n",
      "2        2020     30\n",
      "3        2021     17\n",
      "0        2022   5825\n",
      "1        2023    528\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "crawl_year_counts = df['crawl_year'].value_counts().reset_index()\n",
    "crawl_year_counts.columns = ['crawl_year', 'count']\n",
    "crawl_year_sorted = crawl_year_counts.sort_values('crawl_year')\n",
    "print(crawl_year_sorted)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "edafbce7",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Visualisation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1ef680ea",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Then, we want to visualise their distribution over time, using **plotly** to make a bar chart."
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   ],
   "source": [
    "fig = px.bar(crawl_year_sorted, y='count', x='crawl_year', text_auto='.2s')\n",
    "fig.show()"
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