vertical_space_before_table.tex

% My answer (http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/204164/828) for http://tex.stackexchange.com/q/204159/828
\documentclass[parskip]{scrartcl}
%\documentclass{article}
%\setlength\parindent{0pt}
%\setlength\parskip{10pt}

\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{hyperref}

\begin{document}

\blindtext

Volume of the hall \(V = \SI{1500}{\cubic\metre}\), details can be found in \autoref{tab:hall details}.

%\vspace{2cm}

\begin{table}[h!]
	\centering
	\caption{Details of the hall}
	\label{tab:hall details}
	\begin{tabular}{ccS}
		\toprule
		Surface & Area (\si{\metre\squared}) & {Coefficient of absorption}\\
		\midrule
		ceiling & 140 & 0.8 \\
		walls & 260 & 0.03 \\
		floor & 140 & 0.06 \\
		\bottomrule
	\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\blindtext

\end{document}