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03-ionian-scale-patterns-and-intervals-on-different-string-sets.html
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<!doctype html>
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<title>Unpacked - 03 - Ionian scale patterns and intervals on different string sets</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>03 - Ionian scale patterns and intervals on different string sets</h2>
<h4>Simplified harmony</h4>
<p>In the classical western music, the relationship between the first and fifth tone (also called a degree) in a scale is important. If we build chords from scale degrees, we get a key, creating a chord called tonic at the first degree and a dominant on the fifth degree. These two create the greatest harmonic tension, the farther we go from the tonic, greater the tension and greater the release if we go from the dominant straight back to the tonic. It could be said that the western music is myriads of strategies of how to move between these two harmonic functions. There's more than these two functions though, let's go through those too.</p>
<p>We'll explain everything now on an ionian mode in the key of C.</p>
<pre>
Harmonic function: Tonic Supertonic Mediant Subdominant Dominant Submediant Leading
Scale degree: I ii iii IV V vi vii
Chord quality: Major minor minor Major Dominant minor half-diminished
Ionian mode chords: C Dmin Emin F G Amin Bhdim
Ionian mode triads: ceg dfa egb fac gbd ace bdf
Ionian mode 7th chords: Cmaj7 Dmin7 Emin7 Fmaj7 Gdom7 Amin7 Bhdim7
Ionian mode 7th arpeggios: cegb dfac egbd face gbdf aceg bdfa
</pre>
<p>We've introduced the 7th chords just for the sake of outlining the harmonic functions better, especially in the case of the dominant, where it is not clear from the G chord because it essentially is a major chord and it gains its dominant harmonic function only in a given context. Let's treat the dominant chord as a special major chord for now, it will become clear to you after reading about the mixolydian mode.</p>
<p>Notice that there're only four types of chords in the ionian mode - major, minor, dominant and half-diminished. These are also probably the most used chords, definitely in the case of major, minor and dominant. Knowing this, we'll go over the modes that are related can be applied to these chords.</p>
<h4>Ionian mode - Natural major scale</h4>
<p>Take the natural major scale for instance, also called ionian mode. This scale has the following structure:<p>
<pre>
semitones (1 semitone is 1 fret on the fret board)
2-2-1-2-2-2-1
</pre>
<p>Let's take a specific scale, C natural major scale or C ionian mode as an application:</p>
<pre>
C natural major scale or C ionian mode:
2 2 12 2 2 1
c-d-ef-g-a-bc
</pre>
<p>As you can see, the distance between c and d is two semitones, between d and e it's also two semitones, between e and f it's one semitone, between f and g it's two semitones, between g and a it's two semitones as well as between a and b and b anc are one semitone apart. Here's where you can find all the notes of C natural major or C ionian mode on each string:</p>
<pre>
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
e|-f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e-| high e
b|-c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b-|
g|----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-|
D|----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-|
A|----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-|
E|-f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e--f-----g-----a-----b--c-----d-----e-| low E
</pre>
<p>Now, with this layout of notes in front of your eyes, it should be clear how to play the C natural major or C ionian mode on one string of your choice. It'd be great if you practice on every string and play it with each finger of your fretting hand individually - first with index finger, then middle, ring and lastly pinky. That way you will strenghten both your fingers and whole hand. Regarding the picking hand, practice downstrokes, upstrokes, alternative picking (strictly up and down or down and up) and economy picking. Think about the scales as more of a picking pattern that you want to navigate through efficiently. Let's see if we can find some patterns from c to c with unique notes in between that belong to the C natural scale or C ionian mode on different sets of three strings.</p>
<p><b>Pattern 1</b></p>
<pre>
Pattern 1, stringset EAD
------------------------1--1--2-----3-----------------------1--1--2-----3-| fretting hand fingers
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
D|-------------------------b--c--------------------------------b--c-------|
A|----------------------f-----g-----a-----------------------f-----g-----a-|
E|----------------------c-----d-----e-----------------------c-----d-----e-|
Pattern 1, stringset ADg
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
g|----------b--c--------------------------------b--c----------------------|
D|-------f-----g-----a-----------------------f-----g-----a----------------|
A|-------c-----d-----e-----------------------c-----d-----e----------------|
Pattern 1, stringset Dgb
------------------------------1-----2--3--3-------------------------------| fretting hand fingers
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
b|----------------------------------b--c----------------------------------|
g|----------------------------f-----g-----a-------------------------------|
D|----------------------------c-----d-----e-------------------------------|
Pattern 1, stringset gbe
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
e|-------------------b--c--------------------------------b--c-------------|
b|----------------f-----g-----a-----------------------f-----g-----a-------|
g|-------------c-----d-----e-----------------------c-----d--------e-------|
</pre>
<p>Pattern 1 involves some stretches, pattern 2 involves pinky and pattern 3 some position shifting. Practice slowly, or rather start at your natural tempo and slow down gradually. That will help with all the challenges involved with every pattern. Once the stretches don't hurt, the pinky is strong enough and the position shifting is accurate, you can play again at your natural tempo and faster, safely. make sure to avoid RSI.</p>
<p><b>Pattern 2</b></p>
<pre>
Pattern 2, stringset EAD
---------------------1--2--3--4--------------------------1--2--3--4-------| fretting hand fingers
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
D|-------------------a-----b--c--------------------------a-----b--c-------|
A|-------------------e--f-----g--------------------------e--f-----g-------|
E|----------------------c-----d-----------------------------c-----d-------|
Pattern 2, stringset ADg
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
g|----a-----b--c--------------------------a-----b--c----------------------|
D|----e--f-----g--------------------------e--f-----g----------------------|
A|-------c-----d-----------------------------c-----d----------------------|
Pattern 2, stringset Dgb
------------------------------1-----3--4----------------------------------|
---------------------------1--2-----4-------------------------------------|
------------------------------2-----4-------------------------------------| fretting hand fingers
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
b|----------------------------a-----b--c----------------------------------|
g|-------------------------e--f-----g-------------------------------------|
D|----------------------------c-----d-------------------------------------|
Pattern 2, stringset gbe
---------------1--2--3--4--------------------------1--2--3--4-------------|
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
e|-------------a-----b--c--------------------------a-----b--c-------------|
b|-------------e--f-----g--------------------------e--f-----g-------------|
g|-------------c-----d-----------------------------c-----d----------------|
</pre>
<p><b>Pattern 3</b></p>
<pre>
Pattern 3, stringset EAD
---------------1-----1-----3--4--------------------1-----1-----3--4-------|
---------------1-----3--4--------------------------1-----3--4-------------|
------------------------4-----------------------------------4-------------| fretting hand fingers
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
D|-------------g-----a-----b--c--------------------g-----a-----b--c-------|
A|-------------d-----e--f--------------------------d-----e--f-------------|
E|----------------------c-----------------------------------c-------------|
Pattern 3, stringset ADg
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
g|----a-----b--c--------------------g-----a-----b--c----------------------|
D|----e--f--------------------------d-----e--f----------------------------|
A|-------c-----------------------------------c----------------------------|
Pattern 3, stringset Dgb
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
b|----------------------g-----a-----b--c----------------------------------|
g|-------------------d-----e--f-------------------------------------------|
D|----------------------------c-------------------------------------------|
Pattern 3, stringset gbe
0|-01-02-03-04-05-06-07-08-09-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23-24|
e|-------g-----a-----b--c--------------------g-----a-----b--c-------------|
b|-------d-----e--f--------------------------d-----e--f-------------------|
g|-------------c-----------------------------------c----------------------|
</pre>
<p>There're some open strings in pattern 3, which can feel strange at first, but definitely belongs to the vocabulary.</p>
<h3>Scales in intervals</h3>
<p>Let's put the theory into practice and work through the scales in thirds, fourths, fifths, sixths and sevenths.</p>
<h4>C ionian in thirds</h4>
<p>Let's take a look at the mode again, focusing on the interval of a third this time.</p>
<pre>
C ionian : c d e f g a b c d
major third : 1 3 c-e
minor third : 1 3 d-f
minor third : 1 3 e-g
major third : 1 3 f-a
major third : 1 3 g-b
minor third : 1 3 a-c
minor third : 1 3 b-d
</pre>
<p>Now, let's find these on the fretboard and make sure you play all patterns ascending and descending and in all positions.</p>
<p><b>C ionian in thirds, pattern 1</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in thirds, pattern 1
e|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10d-----12e-|
b|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12b-----13c-12b-----13c-----|
g|------------------------------------------------7d-------------10f-----12g-10f-14a-12g-----14a---------------------|
D|----------------------------------9b-----10c-9b----10c-14e-12d-----14e---------------------------------------------|
A|------------8f-----10g-8f-12a-10g----12a---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c-12e-10d----12e-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| fret and note, i. e. fret 8, note c
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in thirds, pattern 2</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in thirds, pattern 2
e|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10d-----12e-|
b|---------------------------------------------------------------------10a-----12b-10a-13c-12b-----13c-----|
g|----------------------------------------7d-----9e-----10f-9e-12g-10f-----12g-----------------------------|
D|------------------------7a-----9b-7a-9b----10c----12d----------------------------------------------------|
A|----7e-----8f-7e-10g-8f----10g---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c----10d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| fret and note, i. e. fret 8, note c
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in thirds, pattern 3</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in thirds, pattern 3
e|----------------------------------------------------------3g----5a-3g-7b-5a-8c-7b-10d-8c-12e-|
b|----------------------------------------------5e-3d-6f-5e----6f------------------------------|
g|----------------------------------5c-4b-7d-5c------------------------------------------------|
D|----------------5g----7a-5g-9b-7a------------------------------------------------------------|
A|----7e-5d-8f-7e----8f------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
<p>There are definitely more patterns left for you to explore.</p>
<h4>C ionian in fifths</h4>
<pre>
C ionian : c d e f g a b c d e f
perf. fifth : 1 5 c-g
perf. fifth : 1 5 d-a
perf. fifth : 1 5 e-b
perf. fifth : 1 5 f-c
perf. fifth : 1 5 g-d
perf. fifth : 1 5 a-e
dim. fifth : 1 5 b-f
</pre>
<p>Please notice the now-should-have-been-expected diminished / flat fifth on the seventh degree.</p>
<p><b>C ionian in fifths, pattern 1</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in fifths, pattern 1
e|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13f-----15g-|
b|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------13c-----15d-----17e-12b-----13c-----|
g|--------------------------------------------------10f-----12g-----14a-----16b-10f-----12g-----14a---------------------|
D|---------------------------10c-----12d-----14e-9b-----10c-----12d-----14e---------------------------------------------|
A|----10g-----12a-----14b-8f-----10g-----12a----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c-----10d-----12e---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in fifths, pattern 2</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in fifths, pattern 2
e|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12e-----13f-----15g-|
b|---------------------------------------------------------------------12b-----13c-----15d-10a-----12b-----13c-----|
g|----------------------------------------9e----10f-----12g-----14a-9e-----10f-----12g-----------------------------|
D|-------------------9b----10c-----12d-7a----9b-----10c-----12d----------------------------------------------------|
A|----10g-----12a-7e----8f-----10g---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c-----10d------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in fifths, pattern 3</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in fifths, pattern 3
e|------------------------------------------------------5a----7b----8c-3g-10d-5a-12e-7b-13f-8c-15g-|
b|------------------------------------------6f----8g-3d----5e----6f--------------------------------|
g|------------------------------7d----9e-4b----5c--------------------------------------------------|
D|-----------7a----9b----10c-5g----7a--------------------------------------------------------------|
A|----10g-5d----7e----8f---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
<h4>C ionian in sevenths</h4>
<pre>
C ionian mode: c d e f g a b c d e f g a
major seventh: 1 7 c-b
minor seventh: 1 7 d-c
minor seventh: 1 7 e-d
major seventh: 1 7 f-e
minor seventh: 1 7 g-f
minor seventh: 1 7 a-g
minor seventh: 1 7 b-a
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in sevenths, pattern 1</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in sevenths, pattern 1
e|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------12e-----13f-----15g-----17a-----19b-|
b|------------------------------------------------10a-----12b-----13c-----15d-------------------------12b-----13c-----|
g|--------------------------9e-----10f-----12g--------------------------------10f-----12g-----14a---------------------|
D|----9b-----10c-----12d-----------------------9b-----10c-----12d-----14e---------------------------------------------|
A|-----------------------8f----10g-----12a----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c----10d-----12e--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in sevenths, pattern 2</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in sevenths, pattern 2
e|-------------------------------------------------------------------10d-----12e-----13f-----15g-----17a-----19a-|
b|--------------------------------------8g----10a-----12b-----13c------------------------10a-----12b-----13c-----|
g|------------------7d----9e-----10f------------------------------9e-----10f-----12g-----------------------------|
D|----9b-----10c---------------------7a----9b-----10c-----12d----------------------------------------------------|
A|---------------7e----8f----10g---------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c----10d-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
<p><b>C ionian in sevenths, pattern 3</b></p>
<pre>
C ionian in sevenths, pattern 3
e|----------------------------------------5a----7b----8c----10d----12e-3g-13f-5a-15g-7b-17a-8c-19b-|
b|----------------------------6f----8g-------------3d----5e-----6f---------------------------------|
g|----------5c----7d----9e-------------4b----5c----------------------------------------------------|
D|----9b-------------------5g----7a----------------------------------------------------------------|
A|-------5d----7e----8f----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
E|-8c----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
</pre>
</body>
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