revise Additional Synonyms 347-334

[arlogriffiths]

347. Synonyms of Mansion
     harmya, nr̥pāgāra, ṅa gaḍuh.

AK 2.6.138ab: śayanaṁ mañcaparyaṅkapalyaṅkāḥ khaṭvayā samāḥ |

I don't understand the relevance of this quotation. My mistake or yours?

345. I prefer Parasol here. While a payuṅ can serve to protect both from rain and sun, the term ātapatra specifically points to protection from the sun, as does the term parasol in English.

346. ^4803. karṇaveṣṭana] norm., lac.veṣṭana EdLC, ...]veṣṭana J1, karṇa, vaṣṭara J2, lac. J3 (larger gap)

I don't understand "lac.veṣṭana EdLC".

340. Synonyms of Hair-Comb II
     1 kaṅka⟨ta⟩, keśamārjana, ṅa suri.

AbhCM 688ab: ālāvartaṁ tu vastrasya kaṅkataḥ keśamārjanam | 

keśamārjanam is presumably a typo in the e-text for keśamārjanaḥ. see sanskrit-kosha/kosha#51.

339. Synonyms of Beeswax
     1 madhūcchiṣṭa,[J2:45v] sikthaka, ṅa malam.

• Check your apparatus for sikthaka: it would be surprising if LC chose exactly the same impossible reading as J2, while he didn't have access to that ms. Presumably, EdLC needs to be moved to the lemma.
• Add this parallel:
  AK madhu kṣaudraṃ mākṣikādi madhūcchiṣṭaṃ tu sikthakam || 107 ||
• Normalize the AbhRM parallel as follows:
  AbhRM 555ab: jatuyāvakalākṣālaktakāḥ samāḥ sikthakaṁ madhūcchiṣṭam |

338. Synonyms of Flying Up
     1 saṇḍīna, uḍḍīna, uḍḍīnakāṣṭhā, ṅa aṅlayaṅ.
     ^4792. uḍḍīna] em., lac. EdLC, uṇḍina J1 J2, lac. J3 (larger gap)
     ^4793. uḍḍīnakāṣṭhā] em., uṇḍinakasthah EdLC J1 J2, lac. J3 (larger gap)

• Since apparently various kinds of flying are involved, I'd limit the heading to "Synonyms of Flying".
• Check app4792: does EdLC really have a gap here whereas J1 does not?
• The word uḍḍīnakāṣṭhā (or whatever lies behind the ms. readings) is not expected and doesn't seem to make sense. You should highlight it. Could it be a marginal note that has slipped into the text (cf. the cases of ləga and paścātśarīra)? I don't see any solution at the moment.
• Add these parallels:
  AK praḍīnoḍḍīnasaṃḍīnānyetāḥ khagagatikriyāḥ |
  AbhCM praḍīnoḍḍīnasaṃḍīnaḍayanāni nabhogatau || 1318 ||

337. Synonyms of Asafoetida
     1 jatuka, rāmaṭha, ṅa hiṅgu.

• Parallels to be cited:
  AK sahasravedhi jatukaṃ bālhīkaṃ hiṅgu rāmaṭham |
  AbhCM sahasravedhi vāhlīkaṃ jatukaṃ hiṅgu rāmaṭham || 422 ||
  AbhRM trikaṭu tryūṣaṇaṃ vyoṣaṃ hiṅgu rāmaṭha ucyate || 617 ||
• Here is its interesting that one of the Skt terms found in all kośa synonyms sets for Asafoetida appears as OJ term. And, exceptionally, AbhRM is less close to AM that the other two kośas that we usually cite.

336. Synonyms of Ajowan
     1 bhūtika, ⟨a⟩jamodikā, yavānī, ṅa pañjaṅ.
     ^4789. bhūtika] norm., bhutikam EdLC, om. J2, lac. J3 (larger gap)
     ^4790. ⟨a⟩jamodikā] conj., jamujiśi EdLC, jamujiśiṅ J1, jamujiśīṅ J2, lac. J3 (larger gap)

• J1 is not recorded in app4789.
• Could the intended OJ word be pañjəlaṅ (coriander seeds)? If so, the header would need to be changed and it would also help to understand the readings with jamuj°.
  Sima Anglayang inscription (BEFEO 2022): (8r5) ... tan hana deyən manləsa mirica kacaṅ hadas kasumba jamuju, pañjlaṅ, vuṅkuḍu, makādi bra(8r6)s, ya ikā Inuhutakǝn·, sahtunya riṁ lāgi, yan mirica kulak katipadhara, miricā sakul iṅ sarehan·, hadas kati kulakanya, pa(8r7)ñjlaṁ, jamuju, vuṅkuḍu, kacaṁ, vuyaḥ pasagi kula⟨ka⟩nya, Anādin sukat sālaranya, sovaṁ-sovaṁ mvaṅ ikaṁ jasun cinaktan ya Ika kātyakna tum(8v1)tana sārgghanya,
  Kintamani E inscr.: (3r5) ..., apan vnaṁ mūlanya, ṅuniveḥ soṅgvanya tanja kapas mvaṁ kasumba, bavaṁ baṅ, bavaṁ putiḥ, jamuju (?) tan apakaranən, ...
• I am quite unsure of your conj. ajamodikā. On the one hand, AK ajamodā tūgragandhā brahmadarbhā yavānikā establishes a connection between ajamodā and yavānīkā which is also confirmed by some other sources, like Nānārthārṇavasaṅkṣepa ajamodā yavānīti prasiddhe bheṣajāntare || 3 ||. The parallels that combine bhūtika with yavānī are more numerous but are unusually complicated to interpret and very unusually don't include AbhCM or AbhRM.

Dhāraṇīkośa bhūtikaṃ kattṛṇe khyātaṃ bhūtikaṃ syād yavānikā |
Nānārthasaṅgraha bhūtikaṃ bhūminimbe ca yavānyaṃ ca tṛṇe tathā || 10 ||
Anekārthakośa cchattrāyavānyor bhūtīkaṃ bhūnimbe kaṭphalepi ca |
yavānyāṃ jīrake dīpe nālaṃkāre tu dīpakam || 30 ||
Anekārthasamuccaya varṣāsv api nabhāḥ prokto yavānyām api bhūtikam || 778 ||
Anekārthasaṅgraha rohite śākabhede ca bhūtīkaṃ kaṭphalauṣadhau || 76 ||
yavānyāṃ ghanasāre ca bhūnimbe bhūstṛṇe'pi ca |
bhūmikā racanāyāṃ tu rūpāntaraparigrahe || 77 ||

• If we keep ajamodikā, the readings that look like jamuju may be explained as due to the scribe who first made the error having had jamuju in mind. In any case, it remains hard to explain the ending iśiṅ found in all mss.

335. Synonyms of Ginger
     1 śr̥ṅgavera, ārdraka, ṅa pipakan.

• parallels to be cited
  AbhRM ārdrakaṃ śṛṅgaveraṃ syād ajājī jīrakaḥ smṛtaḥ |
  Kośakalpataru kaṭukandaṃ śṛṅgaveraṃ kaṭubhadraṃ tu ārdrakam |
  ŚRĀ ārdrakaṃ śṛṅgaveraṃ syāt śṛṅgaverārdrakañ ca tat |

334. Synonyms of Straw
     1 dhānyakalka, ṅa dami.

• Your emendation dhānyakalka seems a bit unlikely to me, as this word is extremely rare and not attested in any kośas.
  I suggest dhānyanalaka (or dhānyanālaka): although that compound is not attested at all, it give a nearly perfect match for dama, as it means 'tube of paddy'. I believe there are variants of the nala- word spelled as naḍa- in the Skt. tradition. So that would give you a nearly perfect match with the J2 reading.
• Can you explain why EdLC read ka if J1 has a gap?

[zakariyaaminullah]

Check your apparatus for sikthaka: it would be surprising if LC chose exactly the same impossible reading as J2, while he didn't have access to that ms. Presumably, EdLC needs to be moved to the lemma.

Apologies for omitting the reading from J1 that provides "śikaka," but coincidentally, LC read it as "śitaka," resulting in an identical reading to that of J2.

I am quite unsure of your conj. ajamodikā. On the one hand, AK ajamodā tūgragandhā brahmadarbhā yavānikā establishes a connection between ajamodā and yavānīkā which is also confirmed by some other sources, like Nānārthārṇavasaṅkṣepa ajamodā yavānīti prasiddhe bheṣajāntare || 3 ||. The parallels that combine bhūtika with yavānī are more numerous but are unusually complicated to interpret and very unusually don't include AbhCM or AbhRM.

I interpret it as Ajwain/Ajowan since Quattrocchi (p. 831) has the list of Indian name of Ajwain concluding bhutika, ajamodika and yavanika as below, although I still do not understand how he can get that kind of data:

Carum copticum (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. (Carum copticum (L.) Sprague ex Turrill; Carum copticum (L.) C.B. Clarke; Carum copticum (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex C.B. Clarke; Carum cop- ticum Benth. & Hook.f.; Carum copticum H. Karst.)
Tropical Africa, Egypt.
See Mantissa Plantarum 56. 1767, Encyclopédie Méthodique, Botanique 1: 635. 1785, Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Regii Berolinensis Altera 1: 267. 1821, Flora of Tropical Africa 3: 12. 1877, The Flora of British India 2: 683. 1879 and Journal of Ethnopharmacology 69: 217–227. 2000, Phytotherapy Research 17: 1145–1149. 2003, Phytotherapy Research 18(8): 670–673. 2004, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 98(1–2): 127–135. 2005, Journal of Ethnopharmacology 109(2): 226– 228. 2007, World Applied Sciences Journal 3(2): 215–219. 2008, Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies 2(1): 75–78. 2009
(Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Antimicrobial, car- minative, antifungal, astringent, antihypertensive, anal- gesic, antispasmodic, antinociceptive, anticholinergic, antihistaminic, bronchodilator and hepatoprotective, to treat headache, joint pains, enteric diseases, dysfunction of gas- trointestinal tracts, flatulence, indigestion, colic, dyspepsia and diarrhea. Veterinary medicine, crushed seeds given for tympany and indigestion.)
in India: acam, acamam, acamatakam, acamatam, acamotai, acamotakam, acamotam, acatti, agnivardhini, agniverdhana, ajamo, ajamoda, ajamodika, ajmada, ajmodum, ajowan, ajwain, akkinicantam, amam, arampai, arampaikkani, ari- yavaciyam, asamadam, attimai, bhukadambaka, bhumikadambaka, bhutika, bhutikah, brahmadarbha, catakuppi, cirani, cirati, ciraticceti, deepyaka, dipani, dipya, dipyaka, dipyakah, emanacacceti, emanacam, emanakam, erivakal, evakanam, evani, evankacceti, evankam, evankanam, hridya, ilacamattakam, incikaicceti, iyavani, javani, jawain, kamue muluki, karavi, kharahva, kiruminacam, komari, komarimotam, kshetrayavanika, kuros niomam, kuru- vacam, mancil, mari, motakam, motam, nankhwah, navalu- kam, navanakam, navancam, okkam, oma, omam, omami, omamu, oman, omu, omattuvayam, onkan, owa, pantukam, pariyacam, shulahantri, talib-el-khubz, tattilam, ticakam, tikacam, tikaccam, tikshnagandha, tipani, tipini, tippiyac- ceti, tippiyakam, tippiyam, tirikipokki, tivragandha, ugra, ugragandha, ukkirakantai, ukkirakantam, ulocamattakam, ulokamattam, vani, vatari, vitipali, yamani, yamanika, yavagraja, yavajadipaniya, yavanaka, yavani, yavanika, yavanikai, yavanikam, yavasavha, yavavha, yevani, yevanic- ceti, yupam, zinian
in Philippines: damoro, lamudio
Carum khasianum C.B. Clarke
Himalaya.
See The Flora of British India 2: 682. 1879 (Leaf juice to stop bleeding.)

Can you explain why EdLC read ka if J1 has a gap?

It seems that the condition of the J1 at the time of LC's edition was significantly different from its current state, with many readings that were readable by LC no longer extant.

[zakariyaaminullah]

I see now Pak @arlogriffiths that Quattrocchi cite "The Flora of British India" by Joseph Dalton Hooker which is available in Hamburg Library, I will take a look if that book provides the diacritic for Indian terms or not.

[arlogriffiths]

There is an enormous (primary and secondary) literature on economically and medicinally usefukl planet and their names, but mostly the audience is not philological/linguistic so precise spellings and diacritics are often not given. Jan Meulenbeld (whose article on pīlu you have already consulted) was a great specialist and you will find many useful references in his publications, starting with the fantastic appendix in his monograph Meulenbeld1974_01, continued by him in his contribution to Das1988_01. At Meulenheld’s suggestion, for my PhD research I made use of The Dictionary of Economic Products of India. I forget who the editors/compiler was. I rememver at that time having purchased a mulkti-volume recent edition with a similar title, but I have never used it. I am not sure if I am still keeping it in my attic in Lyon or if I have donated it to EFEO Library=. In any case, nowadays all such information can be found online. Le 14 mars 2024 à 13:57, zakariyaaminullah ***@***.******@***.***>> a écrit : I see now Pak @arlogriffiths<https://github.com/arlogriffiths> that Quattrocchi cite "The Flora of British India" by Joseph Dalton Hooker which is available in Hamburg Library, I will take a look if that book provides the diacritic for Indian terms or not. — Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub<#148 (comment)>, or unsubscribe<https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/AAGMAE4TKOMRBHEJUTVLXCDYYE35JAVCNFSM6AAAAABET4KYAKVHI2DSMVQWIX3LMV43OSLTON2WKQ3PNVWWK3TUHMYTSOJWGU4DGMRWGI>. You are receiving this because you were mentioned.Message ID: ***@***.***>

[zakariyaaminullah]

Thanks Pak Arlo for your suggestion. Do you mean "The Dictionary of Economic Products of India" by Sir George Watts https://archive.org/details/adictionaryecon00wattgoog/page/n5/mode/2up?

[arlogriffiths]

Yes, that's the work I meant.

There is another, more recent work, that may also be worth consulting:

https://search.worldcat.org/fr/title/899966098

It consists of many volumes. I see that at least some of them are available on Archive.org, e.g.:

https://archive.org/details/wealthofindiadic0000unse

I have created a zotero entry for the whole set and added a Note with that link. It will be great if your can complete the list of archive.org links for all volumes.