Cleanup: BinningValue, AxisBounds + detray/Integration

[asalzburger]

This should not live for all too long:

  switch (bOption) {
    case BinningOption::closed:
      return detray::axis::bounds::e_circular;
    case BinningOption::open:
      return detray::axis::bounds::e_closed;
    default:
      throw std::invalid_argument(
          "DetrayMaterialConverter: unknown binning option detected.");
  }

[github-actions]

This issue/PR has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had recent activity. The stale label will be removed if any interaction occurs.

[asalzburger]

First step done:

• Rename BinningValue to AxisDirection chore!: rename BinningValue to AxisDirection #4005
• Introduce ProtoAxis instead BinUtility
• Change clients that are scheduled to survive the Gen3 migration