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<h2 id="toc-title">Table of contents</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#modificar-niveles-de-un-factor-con-un-orden-específico" id="toc-modificar-niveles-de-un-factor-con-un-orden-específico" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#modificar-niveles-de-un-factor-con-un-orden-específico">Modificar niveles de un factor con un orden específico</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#fct_relevel" id="toc-fct_relevel" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#fct_relevel"><code>fct_relevel()</code></a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#modificar-el-nombre-de-los-niveles-de-un-factor" id="toc-modificar-el-nombre-de-los-niveles-de-un-factor" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#modificar-el-nombre-de-los-niveles-de-un-factor">Modificar el nombre de los niveles de un factor</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#fct_recode" id="toc-fct_recode" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#fct_recode"><code>fct_recode()</code></a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#eliminar-niveles" id="toc-eliminar-niveles" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#eliminar-niveles">Eliminar niveles</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#fct_drop" id="toc-fct_drop" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#fct_drop"><code>fct_drop()</code></a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#añadir-niveles" id="toc-añadir-niveles" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#añadir-niveles">Añadir niveles</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#fct_expand" id="toc-fct_expand" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#fct_expand"><code>fct_expand()</code></a></li>
</ul></li>
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<h1 class="title"><a href="https://forcats.tidyverse.org/">forcats</a></h1>
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<blockquote class="blockquote">
<p>El paquete forcats provee herramientas para trabajar con factores, la estructura de datos de R para datos categóricos.</p>
<p>Un factor es una variable categórica con un número finito de valores o niveles. En R los factores se utilizan habitualmente para realizar clasificaciones de los datos, estableciendo su pertenencia a los grupos o categorías determinados por los niveles del factor.</p>
<p>En este documento se incluye la siguiente información:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Factores y sus niveles.</li>
<li>Modificación del orden de los factores.</li>
<li>Modificación de los niveles de los factores.</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># install.packages("forcats")</span></span>
<span id="cb1-2"><a href="#cb1-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(forcats)</span>
<span id="cb1-3"><a href="#cb1-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb1-4"><a href="#cb1-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># o directamente</span></span>
<span id="cb1-5"><a href="#cb1-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tidyverse)</span>
<span id="cb1-6"><a href="#cb1-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> -- Attaching core tidyverse packages ------------------------ tidyverse 2.0.0 --</span></span>
<span id="cb1-7"><a href="#cb1-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> v dplyr 1.1.4 v readr 2.1.5</span></span>
<span id="cb1-8"><a href="#cb1-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> v ggplot2 3.4.4 v stringr 1.5.1</span></span>
<span id="cb1-9"><a href="#cb1-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> v lubridate 1.9.3 v tibble 3.2.1</span></span>
<span id="cb1-10"><a href="#cb1-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> v purrr 1.0.2 v tidyr 1.3.0</span></span>
<span id="cb1-11"><a href="#cb1-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> -- Conflicts ------------------------------------------ tidyverse_conflicts() --</span></span>
<span id="cb1-12"><a href="#cb1-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()</span></span>
<span id="cb1-13"><a href="#cb1-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> x dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()</span></span>
<span id="cb1-14"><a href="#cb1-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> i Use the conflicted package (<http://conflicted.r-lib.org/>) to force all conflicts to become errors</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<section id="modificar-niveles-de-un-factor-con-un-orden-específico" class="level2">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="modificar-niveles-de-un-factor-con-un-orden-específico">Modificar niveles de un factor con un orden específico</h2>
<p>En algunas ocasiones, puede ser interesante modificar los niveles de un factor para una representación gráfica, ya que a lo mejor, el orden por defecto que establece R no resulta tan intuitivo por la propia naturaleza de los datos.</p>
<section id="fct_relevel" class="level3">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="fct_relevel"><code>fct_relevel()</code></h3>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># forcats</span></span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># se crea primero el dataset</span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>data <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">data.frame</span>(</span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">name =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"north"</span>,<span class="st">"south"</span>, <span class="st">"south-east"</span>, <span class="st">"north-west"</span>, <span class="st">"south-west"</span>, <span class="st">"north-east"</span>, <span class="st">"west"</span>, <span class="st">"east"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">val =</span> <span class="fu">sample</span>(<span class="fu">seq</span>(<span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="dv">10</span>), <span class="dv">8</span>))</span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># y después aplicando la función fct_relevel() </span></span>
<span id="cb2-8"><a href="#cb2-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>data <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb2-9"><a href="#cb2-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">name =</span> <span class="fu">fct_relevel</span>(name, </span>
<span id="cb2-10"><a href="#cb2-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"north"</span>, <span class="st">"north-east"</span>, <span class="st">"east"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb2-11"><a href="#cb2-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"south-east"</span>, <span class="st">"south"</span>, <span class="st">"south-west"</span>, </span>
<span id="cb2-12"><a href="#cb2-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="st">"west"</span>, <span class="st">"north-west"</span>)) <span class="sc">|></span> </span>
<span id="cb2-13"><a href="#cb2-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">ggplot</span>(<span class="fu">aes</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> name, <span class="at">y =</span> val)) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb2-14"><a href="#cb2-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">geom_bar</span>(<span class="at">stat =</span> <span class="st">"identity"</span>) <span class="sc">+</span></span>
<span id="cb2-15"><a href="#cb2-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">xlab</span>(<span class="st">""</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="forcats_files/figure-html/fct_relevel()-1.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># R base</span></span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># se crea otro dataset </span></span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">data.frame</span>(<span class="at">region =</span> <span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"A"</span>, <span class="st">"B"</span>, <span class="st">"C"</span>, <span class="st">"D"</span>, <span class="st">"E"</span>)),</span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">values =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="dv">12</span>, <span class="dv">18</span>, <span class="dv">21</span>, <span class="dv">14</span>, <span class="dv">34</span>))</span>
<span id="cb3-7"><a href="#cb3-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-8"><a href="#cb3-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># reordenar los niveles del factor por región</span></span>
<span id="cb3-9"><a href="#cb3-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>df<span class="sc">$</span>region <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">factor</span>(df<span class="sc">$</span>region, <span class="at">levels =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"C"</span>, <span class="st">"B"</span>, <span class="st">"A"</span>, <span class="st">"D"</span>, <span class="st">"E"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb3-10"><a href="#cb3-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-11"><a href="#cb3-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># mostrar los niveles del factor por región</span></span>
<span id="cb3-12"><a href="#cb3-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">levels</span>(df<span class="sc">$</span>region)</span>
<span id="cb3-13"><a href="#cb3-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] "C" "B" "A" "D" "E"</span></span>
<span id="cb3-14"><a href="#cb3-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb3-15"><a href="#cb3-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># representación gráfica igual que en el ejemplo anterior, situando las barras en función de los niveles del factor region</span></span>
<span id="cb3-16"><a href="#cb3-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">barplot</span>(df<span class="sc">$</span>values, <span class="at">names =</span> df<span class="sc">$</span>region)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">
<p><img src="forcats_files/figure-html/fct_relevel()-2.png" class="img-fluid" width="672"></p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section id="modificar-el-nombre-de-los-niveles-de-un-factor" class="level2">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="modificar-el-nombre-de-los-niveles-de-un-factor">Modificar el nombre de los niveles de un factor</h2>
<p>En otras ocasiones, puede resultar interesante cambiar el nombre de un determinado nivel en un factor, para simplificarlo, armonizarlo para unir a otro dataset, etc.</p>
<section id="fct_recode" class="level3">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="fct_recode"><code>fct_recode()</code></h3>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># se crea primero el factor</span></span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>fruta <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"manzana"</span>, <span class="st">"pera"</span>, <span class="st">"plátano"</span>, <span class="st">"naranja"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>fruta</span>
<span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] manzana pera plátano naranja</span></span>
<span id="cb4-5"><a href="#cb4-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: manzana naranja pera plátano</span></span>
<span id="cb4-6"><a href="#cb4-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-7"><a href="#cb4-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># forcats</span></span>
<span id="cb4-8"><a href="#cb4-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">fct_recode</span>(fruta, <span class="at">M =</span> <span class="st">"manzana"</span>, <span class="at">P =</span> <span class="st">"pera"</span>, <span class="at">Pl =</span> <span class="st">"plátano"</span>, <span class="at">N =</span> <span class="st">"naranja"</span>) <span class="co"># lo ordena alfabéticamente</span></span>
<span id="cb4-9"><a href="#cb4-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] M P Pl N </span></span>
<span id="cb4-10"><a href="#cb4-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: M N P Pl</span></span>
<span id="cb4-11"><a href="#cb4-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-12"><a href="#cb4-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># R base</span></span>
<span id="cb4-13"><a href="#cb4-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">factor</span>(fruta, <span class="at">labels =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"M"</span>, <span class="st">"P"</span>, <span class="st">"Pl"</span>, <span class="st">"N"</span>)) <span class="co"># aquí no</span></span>
<span id="cb4-14"><a href="#cb4-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] M Pl N P </span></span>
<span id="cb4-15"><a href="#cb4-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: M P Pl N</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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</section>
</section>
<section id="eliminar-niveles" class="level2">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="eliminar-niveles">Eliminar niveles</h2>
<section id="fct_drop" class="level3">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="fct_drop"><code>fct_drop()</code></h3>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># crear primero el factor</span></span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>f <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>), <span class="at">levels =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>, <span class="st">"c"</span>, <span class="st">"d"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>f</span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] a b</span></span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: a b c d</span></span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># forcats</span></span>
<span id="cb5-8"><a href="#cb5-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">fct_drop</span>(f, <span class="at">only =</span> <span class="st">"c"</span>) </span>
<span id="cb5-9"><a href="#cb5-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] a b</span></span>
<span id="cb5-10"><a href="#cb5-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: a b d</span></span>
<span id="cb5-11"><a href="#cb5-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb5-12"><a href="#cb5-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># R base</span></span>
<span id="cb5-13"><a href="#cb5-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">droplevels</span>(f, <span class="at">exclude =</span> <span class="st">"c"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-14"><a href="#cb5-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] a b</span></span>
<span id="cb5-15"><a href="#cb5-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: a b</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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</section>
</section>
<section id="añadir-niveles" class="level2">
<h2 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="añadir-niveles">Añadir niveles</h2>
<section id="fct_expand" class="level3">
<h3 class="anchored" data-anchor-id="fct_expand"><code>fct_expand()</code></h3>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># crear el factor</span></span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>), <span class="at">levels =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>g</span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] a b</span></span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: a b</span></span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># forcats</span></span>
<span id="cb6-8"><a href="#cb6-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">fct_expand</span>(g, <span class="st">"c"</span>, <span class="st">"d"</span>, <span class="st">"e"</span>, <span class="st">"f"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb6-9"><a href="#cb6-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] a b</span></span>
<span id="cb6-10"><a href="#cb6-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: a b c d e f</span></span>
<span id="cb6-11"><a href="#cb6-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb6-12"><a href="#cb6-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># R base</span></span>
<span id="cb6-13"><a href="#cb6-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">factor</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>), <span class="at">levels =</span> <span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"a"</span>, <span class="st">"b"</span>, <span class="st">"c"</span>, <span class="st">"d"</span>, <span class="st">"e"</span>, <span class="st">"f"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb6-14"><a href="#cb6-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] a b</span></span>
<span id="cb6-15"><a href="#cb6-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Levels: a b c d e f</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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