diff --git a/do_feeds.php b/do_feeds.php
index 66d8a8a47..ca1a23517 100644
--- a/do_feeds.php
+++ b/do_feeds.php
@@ -113,19 +113,29 @@ function dummy_function_1(): array
     <tr>
         <td class="td1 right">Text:</td>
         <td class="td1">
-            <textarea <?php echo getScriptDirectionTag($row['NfLgID']); ?> name="feed[<?php echo $count; ?>][TxText]" class="notempty checkbytes" cols="60" rows="20"><?php echo tohtml($text['TxText']); ?></textarea> <img src="icn/status-busy.png" title="Field must not be empty" alt="Field must not be empty" />
+            <textarea 
+            <?php echo getScriptDirectionTag((int) $row['NfLgID']); ?> 
+            name="feed[<?php echo $count; ?>][TxText]" class="notempty checkbytes" 
+            cols="60" rows="20"
+            ><?php echo tohtml($text['TxText']); ?></textarea>
+            <img src="icn/status-busy.png" title="Field must not be empty" 
+            alt="Field must not be empty" />
         </td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
         <td class="td1 right">Source URI:</td>
         <td class="td1">
-            <input type="text" class="checkurl" name="feed[<?php echo $count; ?>][TxSourceURI]" value="<?php echo $text['TxSourceURI']; ?>" maxlength="1000" size="60" />
+            <input type="text" class="checkurl" 
+            name="feed[<?php echo $count; ?>][TxSourceURI]" 
+            value="<?php echo $text['TxSourceURI']; ?>" maxlength="1000" 
+            size="60" />
         </td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
         <td class="td1 right">Tags:</td>
         <td class="td1">
-            <ul name="feed[<?php echo $count; ?>][TagList][]" style="width:340px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:2px;">
+            <ul name="feed[<?php echo $count; ?>][TagList][]" 
+            style="width:340px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:2px;">
                 <li>
                     <?php echo $nf_tag_name; ?>
                 </li>
diff --git a/edit_tword.php b/edit_tword.php
index 9c8053657..550f8389f 100644
--- a/edit_tword.php
+++ b/edit_tword.php
@@ -144,9 +144,9 @@
     $sql = 'select WoText, WoLgID, WoTranslation, WoSentence, WoRomanization, WoStatus from ' . $tbpref . 'words where WoID = ' . $wid;
     $res = do_mysqli_query($sql);
     $record = mysqli_fetch_assoc($res);
-    if ($record ) {
-        $term = $record['WoText'];
-        $lang = $record['WoLgID'];
+    if ($record) {
+        $term = (string) $record['WoText'];
+        $lang = (int) $record['WoLgID'];
         $transl = repl_tab_nl($record['WoTranslation']);
         if($transl == '*') { 
             $transl=''; 
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
     }
     mysqli_free_result($res);
     
-    $termlc =    mb_strtolower($term, 'UTF-8');
+    $termlc = mb_strtolower($term, 'UTF-8');
     $titletext = "Edit Term: " . tohtml($term);
     pagestart_nobody($titletext);
     $scrdir = getScriptDirectionTag($lang);
diff --git a/edit_word.php b/edit_word.php
index 806c258e7..cc5d4589d 100644
--- a/edit_word.php
+++ b/edit_word.php
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@ function edit_word_do_form($wid, $text_id, $ord, $fromAnn)
         if ($record === null) {
             my_die("Cannot access Term and Language in edit_word.php");
         }
-        $term = $record['Ti2Text'];
-        $lang = $record['Ti2LgID'];
+        $term = (string) $record['Ti2Text'];
+        $lang = (int) $record['Ti2LgID'];
         mysqli_free_result($res);
         
         $termlc = mb_strtolower($term, 'UTF-8');
@@ -274,8 +274,8 @@ function edit_word_do_form($wid, $text_id, $ord, $fromAnn)
         if (!$record) {
             my_die("Cannot access Term and Language in edit_word.php");
         }
-        $term = $record['WoText'];
-        $lang = $record['WoLgID'];
+        $term = (string) $record['WoText'];
+        $lang = (int) $record['WoLgID'];
         mysqli_free_result($res);
         $termlc = mb_strtolower($term, 'UTF-8');
         $new = false;
diff --git a/edit_words.php b/edit_words.php
index ec6014e7f..9218fc8ab 100644
--- a/edit_words.php
+++ b/edit_words.php
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@
 
 if (isset($_REQUEST['new']) && isset($_REQUEST['lang'])) {
     // NEW
-    $scrdir = getScriptDirectionTag($_REQUEST['lang']);
+    $scrdir = getScriptDirectionTag((int) $_REQUEST['lang']);
     
     ?>
 
diff --git a/inc/session_utility.php b/inc/session_utility.php
index 2ffe968d5..ebde526f3 100644
--- a/inc/session_utility.php
+++ b/inc/session_utility.php
@@ -3993,7 +3993,7 @@ function get_languages(): array
 {
     global $tbpref;
     $langs = array();
-    $sql = "SELECT LgID, LgName FROM " . $tbpref . "languages WHERE LgName<>''";
+    $sql = "SELECT LgID, LgName FROM {$tbpref}languages WHERE LgName<>''";
     $res = do_mysqli_query($sql);
     while ($record = mysqli_fetch_assoc($res)) {
         $langs[(string)$record['LgName']] = (int)$record['LgID'];
@@ -4016,10 +4016,11 @@ function getLanguage($lid)
     if (!isset($lid) || trim($lid) == '' || !is_numeric($lid)) { 
         return ''; 
     }
+    $lg_id = (int) $lid;
     $r = get_first_value(
         "SELECT LgName AS value 
-        FROM " . $tbpref . "languages 
-        WHERE LgID='" . $lid . "'"
+        FROM {$tbpref}languages 
+        WHERE LgID = $lg_id"
     );
     if (isset($r)) { 
         return (string)$r; 
@@ -4027,29 +4028,26 @@ function getLanguage($lid)
     return '';
 }
 
-// -------------------------------------------------------------
-
+/**
+ * Return a right-to-left direction indication in HTML if language is right-to-left.
+ * 
+ * @param int $lid Language ID
+ * 
+ * @return string ' dir="rtl" '|''
+ */
 function getScriptDirectionTag($lid): string 
 {
     global $tbpref;
-    if (!isset($lid) ) { 
-        return ''; 
-    }
-    if (trim($lid) == '' ) { 
-        return ''; 
-    }
-    if (!is_numeric($lid) ) {
+    if (!isset($lid) || trim($lid) == '' || !is_numeric($lid)) { 
         return ''; 
     }
     $r = get_first_value(
-        "select LgRightToLeft as value 
-        from " . $tbpref . "languages 
-        where LgID='" . $lid . "'"
+        "SELECT LgRightToLeft as value 
+        from {$tbpref}languages 
+        where LgID = $lid"
     );
-    if (isset($r) ) {
-        if ($r) { 
-            return ' dir="rtl" '; 
-        } 
+    if (isset($r) && $r) {
+        return ' dir="rtl" ';
     }
     return '';
 }
diff --git a/long_text_import.php b/long_text_import.php
index b576cfaf2..d188390ff 100644
--- a/long_text_import.php
+++ b/long_text_import.php
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@
 function long_text_check($max_input_vars): void
 {
         
-    $langid = $_REQUEST["LgID"];
-    $title = $_REQUEST["TxTitle"];
-    $paragraph_handling = (int)$_REQUEST["paragraph_handling"];
-    $maxsent = $_REQUEST["maxsent"];
-    $source_uri = $_REQUEST["TxSourceURI"];
+    $langid = (int) $_REQUEST["LgID"];
+    $title = (string) $_REQUEST["TxTitle"];
+    $paragraph_handling = (int) $_REQUEST["paragraph_handling"];
+    $maxsent = (int) $_REQUEST["maxsent"];
+    $source_uri = (string) $_REQUEST["TxSourceURI"];
     $texttags = null;
     if (isset($_REQUEST["TextTags"])) {
         $texttags = json_encode($_REQUEST["TextTags"]);
@@ -142,7 +142,9 @@ function long_text_check($max_input_vars): void
             Length:<br /><?php echo $bytes; ?><br />Bytes
         </td>
         <td class="td1">
-            <textarea readonly="readonly" <?php echo getScriptDirectionTag($langid); ?> name="text[<?php echo $textno; ?>]" cols="60" rows="10">
+            <textarea readonly="readonly" 
+            <?php echo getScriptDirectionTag($langid); ?> 
+            name="text[<?php echo $textno; ?>]" cols="60" rows="10">
                     <?php echo $textstring; ?>
             </textarea>
         </td>
diff --git a/show_word.php b/show_word.php
index 2bc6d841b..5e5c47c06 100644
--- a/show_word.php
+++ b/show_word.php
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     
     $tags = getWordTagList($wid, '', 0, 0);
     $rom = $record['WoRomanization'];
-    $scrdir = getScriptDirectionTag($record['WoLgID']);
+    $scrdir = getScriptDirectionTag((int) $record['WoLgID']);
 
     ?>